Episode 9 | Thinking About the Second Nuclear Century

In this episode of *Shifting Ground*, hosts Nikolas Gvosdev and Larry Rubin are joined by Dr. Austin Long, Senior Nuclear Fellow at MIT, and Dr. Rachel Whitlark, Associate Professor at Georgia Tech and Associate Editor of *Orbis,* to explore the strategic landscape of the second nuclear century. Grounded in Dr. Long's recent commentary for *Orbis*, the conversation examines how emerging autonomous technologies and AI reshape nuclear deterrence, the concept of "conceal vs. reveal" capabilities, and the challenges of managing strategic stability in a tripolar environment among the US, Russia, and China. Related Reading: - History, Strategy, and Technology: Thinking About the Second Nuclear Century by Dr. Austin Long Explore the special issue: - Challenges of the Second Nuclear Century, Vol. 69, Issue 2