Kosher Ingredients, Kosher Utensils and Still Not Kosher?

When the Rabboni Shalom gave Moshe Rabbeinu the Torah and Har Sinai, he gave him two Torahs.

He gave him a written Torah.

That's what it says in the text.

That's what it says in the Chumash.

You open it up, you can read it.

In addition to that, he gave him something that we call the Torah Shabal Peh, the oral tradition.

Now, that oral tradition has five components.

five different segments of things that are traditions.

So some of those are just oral traditions that explain what it says in the Chumash.

So for example, it says in the Chumash that on Sukkot you take four species.

One of those species is called a pre-Eitz Hadar.

What is a pre-Eitz Hadar? What is that? What's that? How do you know that that's an esrog? Why is it that nobody in the history of the world ever thought it was a persimmon or something else? Because the Rambam says that's called pirushim ha-mikubalim.

When Moshe Rabbeinu got it, that was an explanation that was given.

Pirushim ha-mikubalim.

When it says in the text, prietz hadar, that meant an esrog.

So now, the job of the parshanim, the commentators, what they do for a living is figure out, when you're trying to tell me what is an esrog, why did you write prietz hadar? That's what the commentators do for breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

They're always trying to figure out what is going on between the text and the tradition.

So it says, ayin tachas ayin.

Did anybody ever think in the Gemara, in the Mishnah, in the Toseftas, did anybody ever think that if, God forbid, you took somebody else's eye out, they were going to take you to the rabbinic court and take out your eye? The Gemara says, no one ever thought that in a million years.

You have to pay whatever the value was.

So the parashanim, all the... that's what it's called in English, they're trying to figure out, if the point is you have to pay, why does it write in this way? So there's the text, that's Torah Shebech Saav, the written text, and then there's the tradition.

So in the tradition is a whole bunch of things of how to interpret the Chumash, and then there's a section which is Rabbinic laws.

And rabbinic laws take two forms.

One are gzeros.

Those are restrictions.