NASA Missions

Here is the fifty-fifth episode of Quantum Foam, NASA Missions. Since 1958, NASA has conducted the X-Plane Program. Mercury was the first human spaceflight program of the United States. Project Gemini was the second United States human space flight program to fly. At this time, Apollo was early in its development. Apollo was the program that first landed humans on the surface of the moon in 1969. Skylab was the next program. This was a space station that was occupied in orbit around the Earth. Next, was the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project. This was the first crewed international mission conducted jointly by the United States and the Soviet Union in July of 1975. The Space Shuttle Program was the fourth human spaceflight program carried out by the United States and the National Aeronautics And Space Administration. The Shuttle-Mir Program was a collaborative space program between Russia and the United States that involved the space shuttle docking at the Russian space station Mir. The International Space Station is a collaboration between several nations. Commercial Crew Program provides commercially operated crew transportation service to and from the International Space Station. We have agreed with the Artemis Accords, which was signed on October 13, 2020 by respective agencies. The core infrastructure of Artemis is the Space Launch System, the Orion Capsule, and the Human Landing System. Additional program elements include the commercial payload lunar services and exploration ground systems. The Artemis Program incorporates several main components of several previously canceled programs and missions including the Constellation Program. In 2011, they voted to cancel the Constellation Program. In May 2009, U. S. president Barack Obama established the Augustine committee to take into account several objectives including support for the International Space Station and use of the commercial space industry within defined budget limits. The committee concluded that the program was massively under-funded and that a 2020 moon landing was impossible. Constellation was subsequently suspended. On December 11, 2017 president Donald Trump signed space policy directive 1 calling for a U. S. led program for a human to return to the moon, followed by missions to Mars and beyond. The policy calls for the NASA administrator to lead an innovative and sustainable program of exploration with commercial and international partners to enable human expansion across the solar system, and to bring back to Earth new knowledge and technologies. Some of us may be more interested in the exploration of Mars. Many missions have surveyed much detail about the geology on the red planet. There are 6 orbiters surveying the planet. Artemis is drawing upon legacy U. S. programs including the Orion Space Capsule, the lunar gateway space station, and commercial lunar payload services and created the new Human Landing System.