Aug 4, 2026 · 10 min · 11 segments
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Trey GreenwoodGuest
Gabriel HarberHost
Why is it dangerous to rely on long-range deterministic models when forecasting severe weather? And I should probably add the caveat as well.

What the heck is a deterministic model? That's a big word that I don't think a lot of people are familiar with.

So deterministic models are basically just your individual runs of a given model.


Ensemble models, which we'll talk about here in just a second, they take into account slightly different initial conditions for those model runs and then bring those all together as a whole.

And then we can average out if a particular member is wonky or whatnot, that can average those out.

There's a lot of very complicated equations and whatnot that govern the atmosphere.

And several days out, obviously we don't have the... observe data that we need to feed those models that is more accurate.

The model's basically just guessing what's going to happen down the road, and errors tend to multiply and become much more noticeable the farther out you go from a particular event.

So if you're looking at a single deterministic model, seven, eight, nine days out, it's probably not going to be what ends up happening.

We can get into some more about ensembles here, but those are going to be your better ones to use.

But using long-range deterministic models, that's usually going to have a lot of error in them, especially the farther out from an event you go.

Why is it dangerous to rely on long-range deterministic models when forecasting severe weather? And I should probably add the caveat as well.

What the heck is a deterministic model? That's a big word that I don't think a lot of people are familiar with.

So deterministic models are basically just your individual runs of a given model.


Ensemble models, which we'll talk about here in just a second, they take into account slightly different initial conditions for those model runs and then bring those all together as a whole.

And then we can average out if a particular member is wonky or whatnot, that can average those out.

There's a lot of very complicated equations and whatnot that govern the atmosphere.

And several days out, obviously we don't have the... observe data that we need to feed those models that is more accurate.

The model's basically just guessing what's going to happen down the road, and errors tend to multiply and become much more noticeable the farther out you go from a particular event.

So if you're looking at a single deterministic model, seven, eight, nine days out, it's probably not going to be what ends up happening.

We can get into some more about ensembles here, but those are going to be your better ones to use.

But using long-range deterministic models, that's usually going to have a lot of error in them, especially the farther out from an event you go.
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