Mitochondria Are NOT Just the Powerhouse of the Cell, with Gordon Freedman

Gordon Freedman and I both developed an interest in mitochondria due to our love of cycling and to understand the limits of performance. Whereas I sought to find a racer’s edge by delving into the biology underlying endurance sports, Freedman sought answers to a simpler question: Why can’t I push as hard as I used to be able to? Follow us down the rabbit hole to a world where there are multiple genomes to consider — one of them bacterial in nature — and a dearth of experimental tools has made it hard to connect mitochondria and their functions to other questions in biology and health. But there’s also hope that by connecting mitochondria to research areas such as cancer and neurodegenerative disease, scientists can peer further into the darkness than they could with only the light of the nuclear genome.  Show notes:  Gordon’s website, MitoWorld Distribution of pools of mitochondria in skeletal muscle cells. Image credit: Parry *et al*.  Parry *et al*. “Impact of Capillary and Sarcolemmal Proximity on Mitochondrial Structure and Energetic Function in Skeletal Muscle.” *The Journal of Physiology.* April 2, 2024. Guo, Y., Xue, Y. Mitochondria as convergence hubs for innate immunity pathways. *Communications Biology*. (June 8, 2026). Shen *et al*. “Mitochondria as Cellular and Organismal Signaling Hubs.” *The Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology*. July 8, 2022. IMDB page for *A Brief History of Time*. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0103882/