Testosterone Explained (Low T, Muscle Growth, Aging & TRT) | Dr. Ben House

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Ben House, a nutritional scientist who has spent nearly two decades working with elite athletes and professional sports teams. We take a detailed look at testosterone, what your lab results can and cannot tell you, and why a higher number does not automatically mean better health or more muscle. Ben explains total and free testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and how testing methods, sleep, hydration, meals, and the timing of your blood draw can affect the result. We examine research on testosterone and muscle growth, why population averages can obscure individual differences, and how metabolic health complicates the story of testosterone and aging. We also discuss obesity, low energy availability, dietary fat, carbohydrates, micronutrients, and recovering after a calorie deficit. Ben shares his approach to investigating low testosterone, the importance of informed consent before testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), and the distinction between restoring normal levels and using higher doses for performance or physique goals. We finish with lessons from professional sports on managing training loads, fueling, sleep, and recovery. This episode is for anyone who wants to better understand hormone testing, support long-term performance, and make more informed decisions about testosterone. **Sponsors** Momentous: https://livemomentous.com/galpin LMNT: https://drinklmnt.com/perform David: https://davidprotein.com/perform Eight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/perform **Chapters** (00:00:00) Ben House: Testosterone, Health & Performance (00:03:51) Personal Baselines & Normal Testosterone Ranges (00:12:00) Total vs. Free Testosterone: SHBG & Albumin (00:17:49) Accurate Hormone Testing: Methods, Timing & Measurement Error (00:23:36) Daily Testosterone Fluctuations & Why Repeat Tests Matter (00:29:33) High SHBG: Interpreting Lab Ranges in Context (00:32:08) TRT: Informed Consent & Finding the Cause of Low Testosterone (00:35:04) TRT Monitoring: Hematocrit, Lipids, Estradiol & Heart Health (00:43:38) Natural Testosterone Production, Testicular Atrophy & Stopping TRT (00:48:11) The Brain–Testicle Hormone Axis & Training with Low Testosterone (00:55:16) Calorie Deficits, Body Recomposition & Testosterone (01:00:44) Does Higher Testosterone Predict More Muscle Growth? (01:15:03) Obesity, Leptin & Low Testosterone (01:22:45) Is Testosterone Declining Across Generations? (01:29:52) Testosterone & Aging: The Role of Metabolic Health (01:39:44) Low Testosterone Symptoms & Looking Beyond Fatigue (01:44:54) Supplements, Weight Loss, Refeeding & Sleep (01:53:14) Micronutrients, Metabolic Health & GLP-1 Medications (01:57:45) Training Stress, Underfueling & Overlooked Medical Causes (02:03:33) Getting Too Lean: Energy Availability & Hormone Recovery (02:10:19) Dieting Too Hard? Symptoms, Tradeoffs & Individual Responses (02:15:19) Refeeding: Dietary Fat, Carbohydrates & Changes in Scale Weight (02:21:22) Professional Athletes: Training Loads, Fueling & Recovery (02:28:38) Better Recovery: Trust, Sleep & Low-Intensity Movement (02:34:27) TRT vs. Higher-Dose Use: What Cardiovascular Research Actually Shows Disclaimer & Disclosures Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices