Behind the Bowl with Dr. Sara Stoneburg

This episode of *That's Wild!* hosted by Susan Altrui and Joy Matlock features returning guest Dr. Sarah Stoneburg, who serves as a veterinarian at the Little Rock Zoo and oversees the zoo's commissary operations. The discussion highlights the massive logistical operation required to feed over 400 animals representing more than 200 species every day. Dr. Stoneberg explains the diverse diet categories handled by her team of three commissary keepers, noting, "we have carnivores, we have insectivores, we have herbivores, we have frugivores... a frugivore is a fruit-based diet". She emphasizes the intense meal preparation and safety standards involved, sharing that keepers follow human-grade kitchen standards and pass "ServSafe for our commissary keepers" to prevent cross-contamination between produce and meat. Managing supply lines requires constant calculation and spreadsheet tracking, as Dr. Stoneberg admits, "some deliveries take two weeks, some deliveries take six to eight weeks depending on what we're ordering, so we have to be paying attention of how much we still have in stock and then ordering to make sure we cover it at the right time". The conversation covers several specific species and their unique nutritional needs. For instance, the zoo participates in sustainable sourcing for its fish and krill to protect wild marine populations. When describing flamingos, Dr. Stoneberg reveals that krill and a specialized grain pigment called "canthaxanthin" help "maintain their coloration". Addressing their elephants, she notes that Zyna weighs about 6,000 pounds while Babe "weighs closer to 12,000 pounds," requiring carefully calibrated daily rations of grain, produce, and Bermuda hay. Handling picky eaters and administering medication also demands creative solutions. When a sloth rejected her formulated gel diet, Dr. Stoneberg notes that keepers got creative by "forming it into different shapes... we got different silicone molds to make sticks or stars" until she accepted it. To give medication to clever animals like big cats or primates who try to avoid pills, staff resort to using "jelly or pie filling," disguising pills inside whole prey, or even using "needles and inject it into superworms and mealworms". To manage costs and ensure a reliable food supply, the zoo operates a dedicated "bug shed" on site where they "propagate superworms on grounds... crickets... fruit flies... and then roaches" for the insect-eating animals. Ultimately, Dr. Stoneberg explains that all training rewards and enrichment foods are strictly factored into each animal's daily calorie count because "we love our animals at the zoo, but we want them to be healthy and not obese".