Aug 13, 2026 · 50 min · 10 segments
Alex ‘Sandy’ Pentland is a Stanford Human-Centered AI Fellow, MIT Toshiba Professor, and one of the world’s most influential computer scientists. His work has helped pioneer computational social…
Alex PentlandGuest
David Sloan WilsonHost
the word AI was really, for all intents and purposes, invented in the mid-60s by a couple of leading researchers, one of whom was Marvin Minsky and You know, that's sort of an interesting thing.

And he told me that one of the reasons that they picked that was that it was scary and that they thought the military would fund it, right? And so they could get lots of research dollars and people would pay attention.

The early days had many different things, like you mentioned Axelrod and people like that, the neural net sort of things.

So it's basically this extension of economic theory to multi-agent interaction.

And the Soviet Union decided they would run their economy on it because the guy who won the Nobel Prize was Soviet.

It turns out that if you have fixed uniform rules, you've just violated the whole idea of having communities in different circumstances because it's fixed.

And they actually hit today because, you know, we all use the same tools all around the world, which enforces a sort of uniformity that tends to suppress local regional differences.

And in the sense of sort of evolution, you actually want to have lots of different experiments about how to deal with problems.

So today's systems have imposed this uniformity, which has this sort of major cost In terms of innovation.

the word AI was really, for all intents and purposes, invented in the mid-60s by a couple of leading researchers, one of whom was Marvin Minsky and You know, that's sort of an interesting thing.

And he told me that one of the reasons that they picked that was that it was scary and that they thought the military would fund it, right? And so they could get lots of research dollars and people would pay attention.

The early days had many different things, like you mentioned Axelrod and people like that, the neural net sort of things.

So it's basically this extension of economic theory to multi-agent interaction.

And the Soviet Union decided they would run their economy on it because the guy who won the Nobel Prize was Soviet.

It turns out that if you have fixed uniform rules, you've just violated the whole idea of having communities in different circumstances because it's fixed.

And they actually hit today because, you know, we all use the same tools all around the world, which enforces a sort of uniformity that tends to suppress local regional differences.

And in the sense of sort of evolution, you actually want to have lots of different experiments about how to deal with problems.

So today's systems have imposed this uniformity, which has this sort of major cost In terms of innovation.
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