Mm.

Right? In other words, um, when you restrict the cells from nutrients, the cells actually, instead of dying and say, "Oh, I'm so tired, I, I, you know, I'm, I'm, I'm gonna stop fighting," it actually goes the opposite.

That, you know, the cell says, "There's no food.

That means it's not time to grow." But if it's not time to grow, what's the time for? Well, it's tough time, and therefore the cell says, "Let's put up the shield.

Let's not reply, and let's not multiply.

Let's not reproduce.

But right now let's fight because there is adverse condition outside." And th- that is, that's an inherent, um, um, defensive mechanism that being honed through, I, I don't know how many years you believe we've existed on Earth, but every living organism when there's no food says, "It's time to fight." So stress resistance goes up.

Mm.

But what you're really doing, 'cause it's not about the macronutrients specifically, it's about evading these nutrient sensing pathways, which I'm gonna kick over to Dr. Xu to explain a little bit more about those, because that's really where autophagy begins.

Yeah.

Uh, this is a good conversation because, you know, one of the big questions people have is, uh, are all the fasts the same? Don't they do the same thing? And I always say that, uh, it's actually different.

You know, just when you think about exercise, there are many different exercises, right? There's strength training, but there's also, um, uh, endurance training.

And, and, uh, certainly, and, and they will have a different impact on, on the, the body system.

The intermittent fastings are great for metabolic improvements and, and there are numerous studies that show, for example, it reduces insulin resistance, it help with weight control, right? And then improves glycemic control.

And, and so I think that, that people accept.

Like, maybe you can speak to that.