Can you paint a picture of what we can expect with El Nino?

Yeah, so thank you so much for inviting me, as always.

Thank you.

So let me first explain that El Niño is not happening in an isolated manner.

It's happening together with the problem of the Strait of Hormuz, which has removed between 25% to 30% of all inputs to agriculture.

And that removal will be permanent.

And therefore, we need to be very careful with that, because that increases all the cost to farmers.

Maximo?

What data is available about what impact that is having this year?

What the Strait of Hormuz is doing is basically removing 20% to 30% of the key inputs to agriculture.

What are those? Brand oil, which is used for production, for transportation, for logistics, for irrigation.

Fertilizers, especially urea, is removing natural gas.

It is removing sulfur, which is used to produce phosphates, and other fertilizers like that.

Now, if you remove 20% to 30%, the consequences, prices go up.

What we are observing today in the harvest right now is a consequence of those higher prices.

Can you tell me what you are expecting to see because of El Niño, how that impacts the food supply?

What data is available about what impact that is having this year?

What the Strait of Hormuz is doing is basically removing 20% to 30% of the key inputs to agriculture.

What are those? Brand oil, which is used for production, for transportation, for logistics, for irrigation.

Fertilizers, especially urea, is removing natural gas.

It is removing sulfur, which is used to produce phosphates, and other fertilizers like that.

Now, if you remove 20 to 30%, the consequences, prices go up.

What we are observing today in the harvest right now is a consequence of those higher prices.

Can you tell me what you are expecting to see because of El Niño, how that impacts the food supply?

In two to three minutes, what does this year's SOFI report tell us? Can you give us the top headlines?

Yeah, the SOFI report this year always has two areas.

One area is an update of the number of people in hunger, the situation in nutrition, the access to healthy diets.

And the second part is thematic that tries to resolve some of the challenges.

So this year we're looking at the cost of healthy diets.

So let me start first with the numbers, which are interesting.

First, we show an steady decline of hunger in terms of prevalence.

Beyond the headlines that people are going to quote when this report comes out, what's the finding in the report that you're worried might get missed?

Maximo, what are the major findings of this year's report?

Thank you, Katrin.

So this year report what shows is that for the third consecutive year, uh, the number of hungry people is declining, which is good news.

However, the improvements are uneven, and they vary by region.

They are fragile, uh, and also insufficient to achieve the SDG 2, which is what we want by 2030.

But the important thing is that we keep accelerating the decline.

If we look specifically to the numbers, we find that 7.8% of the global population faced hunger in 2025, down from 8.1% in 2024 and 8.6% in 2022.

So if you have less income, all of this become more complicated for individual when you have to pay your food, but also for country to scale up the right solution.

Maximo, what are the major findings of this year's report?

Thank you, Katrin.

So this year report what shows is that for the third consecutive year, uh, the number of hungry people is declining, which is good news.

However, the improvements are uneven, and they vary by region.

They are fragile, uh, and also insufficient to achieve the SDG 2, which is what we want by 2030, but the important thing is that we keep accelerating the decline.

If we look specifically to the numbers, we find that 7.8% of the global population faced hunger in 2025, down from 8.1% in 2024 and 8.6% in 2022.

Now, what that means in terms of numbers is that in 2025, we have 645 million people still in hunger, and which is 14 million less than in 2024 and 43 million less than in 2025.

So if you have less income, all of this become more complicated for individual when you have to pay your food, but also for country to scale up the right solution.

He says the war's economic shocks are forcing many farmers to make trade-offs.

The choice was, I plant the same, I plant less, like Australia decided to plant 50% less wheat.

I move towards soybeans, which requires less nitrogen.

We have some evidence that the US switched towards soybeans.

We have evidence that other countries have switched towards soybeans.

Or I plant the same with less inputs, and that will reduce yields.

So at the end of the line, yields were going to go down.

So in general terms, how do you think farmers are doing right now, in comparison, say, to last year?

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So with concerns growing about global food security, I spoke to Maximo Torero, Chief Economist at the UN's Food and Agriculture Organization.