Though, as it turns out, those two economies were deeply intertwined.

The Industrial Revolution, uh, in the northeast of the United States was also led by cotton textiles supplied by Southern plantations.

It's also true that there was Southern demand for many northeastern goods, so they do feed off of one another.

At the same time, the developmental dynamic that emerged from the slave economy, I think, had limits.

He says something shifted around eighteen thirty and the two economies began to pull apart.

Eventually, we, we see a new dynamic emerge from the North, much more entrepreneurial economy, economy that has public education, uh, different kinds of human capital.

Really only after 1830 do you start to see a divergence between, uh, the Northern and Southern economies.

But I'd add that that economic divergence was, was really important in creating political lines of conflict that ultimately led to the Civil War.

Historian Jonathan Levy says the goal of the bank was to ease the credit problem stemming from the Revolutionary War and its aftermath, with the added benefit being-

Partly privately owned, uh, privately subscribed, so private citizens could own, um, uh, the stock of the First Bank of the United States.

So it was a s- pretty much a split public and private institution that both had a monopoly on the banking business of the United States government, uh, but also made loans to private individuals to try to spur and support American commercial growth.

That same credit system would soon be used to finance the domestic slave trade.

Uh, what made possible the domestic slave trade was a, a very sophisticated mode of financing it.

Uh, credits made available, southern banks are chartered, uh, slaves become the principal form of collateral for the southern credit economy through mortgage markets, through credit markets, through currency markets.

Historian Jonathan Levy says the goal of the bank was to ease the credit problem stemming from the Revolutionary War and its aftermath, with the added benefit being...

Partly privately owned, privately subscribed, so private citizens could own the stock of the First Bank of the United States.

So it was pretty much a split public and private institution that both had a monopoly on the banking business of the United States government, but also made loans to private individuals to try to spur and support American commercial growth.

That same credit system would soon be used to finance the domestic slave trade.

What made possible the domestic slave trade was a very sophisticated mode of financing it.

Credits made available, southern banks are chartered.

Slaves become the principal form of collateral for the southern credit economy through mortgage markets, through credit markets, through currency markets.

Jonathan, where are you currently seeing the strongest momentum internationally and how is a younger generation of collectors changing that momentum?

So the most important trend for the art world really is or the art market is the number of wealthy people in the world.

And that's a trend that continues to go up.

So overall, the industry can be optimistic about growing demand.

And I think as the momentum of speculation seems to subside and there is more hunt for quality on the supply side.

The number of artworks that are offered to this kind of growing demand are also going down.

So that's a very positive trend.

but we are actually sharing as much as possible our discoveries with our friends, with our clients, with our public and this is something that we think is important.

Have you had pressure or have you had people from parents say, look, we should still do this, but let's not put it out on social media? And Or have you made any changes?

I think that we are very openly a school that wants a strong connection with Israel.

And I have one of the things that I'm very proud of are some of the programs that we've used to help our students foster a strong connection to the people of Israel.

So we, for example, run a basketball tournament every year, the Becker Basketball Tournament, one of the things I'm very proud to have brought back to the school after an absence of many, many years.

And we've had some teams from Israel that have participated in that.

Teenagers, just like the teenagers here, and they have a wonderful opportunity to connect.

We do a fantastic job teaching about the history of Israel and teaching about, you know, the political system in Israel and understanding of the Jewish history and connection to Israel.

Have you brought in people from, let's say, progressive groups or Palestinian groups or other groups who have different views? Is that something that's on the curriculum at all?

John, who might be especially vulnerable to the type of pollution we're describing?

Uh, so there's a bunch of groups that we would worry most about.

Young children are at greater risk.

They d- tend to breathe in a lot for the amount of, uh, you know, size that they have.

They can be at risk for developing asthma, other respiratory disease.

W- we are worried about older individuals who may have cardiovascular disease or respiratory disease and are at heightened risk for exposures to things like air pollution.

Uh, we worry about pregnant women because there are risks of adverse birth outcomes with, uh, exposure to some of these toxicants.

Well, what options do residents have to try to protect themselves?