
Will Rafie
Assistant Professor of Economics at UCLA; environmental economist focusing on market design and environmental policy, including wetland offsets
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Jun 3, 2026
Environmental market design
11:43
11:53
12:07
12:20
T
11:34Tyler SmithHOST
Can you walk me through how you apply this framework in this particular case? How do you approach studying the wetland offsets in Florida?

Will RafieGUEST
I think the cleanest way to describe how we apply the framework in a succinct way is to first talk about the private gains from trade and then talk about the environmental externalities.

Will RafieGUEST
So for the first aspect, which is the private gains from trade, we're really justEstimating supply, estimating demand, and then integrating under, uh, the difference of those two curves over the range of realized trades that we see.

Will RafieGUEST
Because we have really cool data, or at least data [chuckles] that I think is really cool, that my co-author and I think [chuckles] is really cool, that we collected, uh, to capture a variety of aspects of this market.

Will RafieGUEST
We have every contract with every restoration project that specifies all of the offsets that they produced over time.
10 MINS LATER
T
22:30Tyler SmithHOST
Can you explain what the court has been relying on and what's wrong, or at least incomplete, with using this older study to set policy today?