So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

I think that, so, all right, so everything, I think that you're starting off your question, you're right, like violence basically is endemic to everything.

And we have this tendency to, in our society, what we see is this advanced 21st century civilization to see the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is outside of the normal.

But especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

It is part of what makes things, how people interact, how people influence each other, the ways that people exchange things.

And there are different forms of violence, of course, different levels of violence.

And so this is a very violent society.

What are some of the other methods going on?

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

I think that...

So, everything.

I think that starting off your question, you're right.

Violence basically is endemic to everything.

And we have this tendency to, in our... what we see is this advanced 21st century civilization to see the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is outside of the normal.

But especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

What are some of the other methods going on?

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

I think that, so, all right, so everything, I think that you're starting off your question, you're right, like violence basically is endemic to everything.

And we have this tendency to, in our society, what we see is this advanced 21st century civilization to see the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is outside of the normal.

But especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

It is part of what makes things, how people interact, how people influence each other, the ways that people exchange things.

And there are different forms of violence, of course, different levels of violence.

And so this is a very violent society.

What are some of the other methods going on?

But before we get too carried away by the book itself, could you please introduce yourself a little bit and then just tell us why you decided to write this book?

I am a professor of medieval history at McGill University in Montreal, where I've been for a bit over 10 years now.

Why did I choose Denia? Why did I choose this subject? There are a few different reasons.

First of all, I don't know, it seems like forever ago now, when I started my doctoral dissertation, it was like late 90s, early 2000s.

And I think that the first two Gulf Wars and 9-11 and those kinds of things made a lot of people interested in intercultural relations, in interreligious relations, in seeing the present and the past, or vice versa.

And I guess for people who will listen to the interview or read the book, Denia is a lot about that, or you can make it a lot about that.

And so that is one of the things that drew me to Denia.

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

Um, I think that, so, all right, so everything, I, I, I think that you're starting off your, your question, you're right.

Like violence basically is, is endemic to everything.

Um, and we have this tendency to, in our, what we see as this advanced 21st century civilization to see some, the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is, that is outside of the normal.

But, um, especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

Um, it is part of what keeps, uh, what like makes things, how people interact, the way what people influence each other, the ways that people exchange things.

And there are different forms of violence, of course, uh, different levels of violence.

What are some of the other methods going on?

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

I think that, so, all right, so everything, I think that you're starting off your question, you're right, like violence basically is endemic to everything.

And we have this tendency to, in our society, what we see is this advanced 21st century civilization to see the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is outside of the normal.

But especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

It is part of what makes things, how people interact, how people influence each other, the ways that people exchange things.

And there are different forms of violence, of course, different levels of violence.

And so this is a very violent society.

So is there a public-private violence distinction that we can draw?

So what is going on with this violence? Was it about religion? What was the point?

I think that...

So, everything.

I think that starting off your question, you're right.

Violence basically is endemic to everything.

And we have this tendency to, in our... what we see is this advanced 21st century civilization to see the violence as something that is abnormal, something that is outside of the normal.

But especially in the medieval period, but I think even today, violence is part of the system.

What are some of the other methods going on?