I

spun and I ended up with a British Isles.

I ended up with very high ABV.

It was 9.1 or higher.

I ended up with very low IBUs, less than 20.

I ended up with uh, Amber color and no adjunct.

And so I, uh, you know, I thought about, uh, Scottish, we heavy seemed like the best, best solution to all those things.

Yeah, it's very pleasant.

What explains that shift?

What has happened historically is we've attracted the best and brightest students from around the world not only to come here, but they often come here, they wanna stay, and they manage to stay.

But the immigration policies that have been put in place is going to make that harder.

The rhetoric and, and policies also are making it seem less welcoming for foreign students to come here.

The concern we have with that is if you look, and I'm just gonna use artificial intelligence, one of the areas that's very important, uh, there are some studies that show that over fifty percent of the top AI companies in the country were started by foreign-born founders who came here.

Likely many of them studied at our university, stayed, and they started companies that are now employing and, and driving critical areas for national defense.

And we also know that other countries are instituting new programs to take advantage and, and attract talent their way in light of the fact that less is coming to the US.

So we know we are getting fewer international students for doctoral programs, but what's happening domestically?

What explains that shift?

What has happened historically is we've attracted...

The best and brightest students from around the world not only come here, but they often come here, they want to stay, and they manage to stay.

But the immigration policies that are being put in place is going to make that harder.

The rhetoric and policies also are making it seem less welcoming for foreign students to come here.

The concern we have with that is, if you look, and I'm just going to use artificial intelligence, one of the areas that's very important is There are some studies that show that over 50% of the top AI companies in the country were started by foreign-born founders who came here.

Likely many of them studied at their university, stayed, and they started companies that are now employing and driving critical areas for national defense.

So we know we're getting fewer international students for doctoral programs, but what's happening domestically?

What does the federal funding landscape look like right now?

It's very uncertain.

It's characterized by significant proposed cuts coming from the administration last year and this year for major research agencies such as the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and other research agencies like even NASA.

On top of that, we saw grants that had been provided multi-year grants terminated midstream for reasons driven by a change in political priorities and programs that had a focus on any kind of diversity, equity, inclusion, climate, certain things that this administration just felt they did not want to fund, plus reductions in staff at some of those agencies.

So it's a very uncertain climate for how much funding will be provided to support the research that our universities do.

Which fields have been hit the hardest by this decline in the number of PhD students?

The data from Audi doesn't really differentiate in the fields.

We are certainly worried that all fields are getting hit.

What does the federal funding landscape look like right now?

It's very uncertain.

It's characterized by significant proposed cuts coming from the administration last year and this year for major research agencies such as the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, and other research agencies like even NASA.

On top of that, we saw grants that had been provided, multi-year grants, terminated midstream for reasons driven by a change in political priorities and programs that had a focus on any kind of diversity, equity, inclusion, climate, certain things that this administration just felt they did not want to fund, plus reductions in staff at some of those agencies.

So it's a very uncertain climate for how much funding will be provided to support the research that our universities do.

Which fields have been hit the hardest by this decline in the number of PhD students?

The data from Audi doesn't really differentiate in the fields.

We are certainly worried that all fields are getting hit.