So what did you find?

We found that the weapon-related IPV, which it was defined as being threatened or attacked using the knife, gun or weapon, was less common than other forms of IPV, but it still affected four percent of women, which is substantial at a population level.

We had fifteen percent of women reporting ph- physical violence without a weapon, and sixty-five percent reported psychological abuse.

Now, this related to IPV that occurred in the last twelve months, and in the initial analysis, the weapon-related IPV was associated with higher symptoms across all the four mental health conditions.

But after we adjusted for the other forms of abuse and the other factors, the strongest and clearest associations remained for the panic disorder and the PTSD.

So this really suggests that the threat or the harm from the gun or the other weapon, the fear, the control, the intimidation, is associated with those PTSD and panic disorder symptomology.

And the adjusted analysis, interestingly, didn't show the clear independent association with the depression or the separation anxiety symptoms, meaning that that pattern was more strongly associated with the trauma-related hyperarousal, hypervigilance and panic symptoms than with those predominantly depressive or low mood affect sy- symptoms.

And do you think the system, and as this is a huge public health issue as well as a personal and human issue, do you think that the system understands the need for escalation when a weapon is involved?

So what did you find?

We found that the weapon-related IPV, which was defined as being threatened or attacked using the knife, gun or weapon, was less common than other forms of IPV, but it still affected 4% of women, which is substantial at a population level.

We had 15% of women reporting physical violence without a weapon and 65% reported psychological abuse.

Now, this related to IPV that occurred in the last 12 months.

And in the initial analysis, the weapon-related IPV was associated with higher symptoms across all the four mental health conditions.

After we adjusted for the other forms of abuse and the other factors, the strongest and clearest associations remained for the panic disorder and the PTSD.

So this really suggests that the threat or the harm from the gun or the other weapon, the fear, the control, the intimidation, is associated with those PTSD and panic disorder symptomologies.

This is hugely complex and do you think the system, and as this is a huge public health issue as well as a personal and human issue, do you think that the system understands the need for escalation when a weapon is involved?