Can you say something about the difficulty of that journey you've taken, especially considering that the technologies you were using were actually relatively mature to begin with, at least compared to some of the new materials and devices that we've been talking about in this conference?

Sure.

So almost two decades is an understatement.

It's now 25 years.

And the first five years of work on Spinnaker were basically just thinking about the architecture.

And the huge challenge is Spinnaker's focus was on supporting brain science, so... building real-time models of brain sub-functions and the brain is very highly connected so if you look at the cortex the outer layer of the brain cortical neurons typically make five to ten thousand connections to other neurons so for engineers that's a fan in fan out of five to ten thousand and that's extremely difficult to support with conventional computer communications.

So the key breakthrough, if you like, in thinking about the Spinnaker architecture was how we do support that very high degree of connectivity, which I will be talking a little bit about later.

later, do you see other problems now that we have these systems working and we're trying to optimize them for power and things? Do you see particular places where there are bottlenecks that you think need to be addressed?