Can you explain how you can see the change, you know, kind of that phase change? And then how much diversity is there between each one of these cells when you look at them aggregate as well as just one cell?

Yeah, those are really great questions.

So as far as, like, how we're able to see, so at the single base level, we're able to see a couple of different things.

One of them is mutations, so which is going to be relative to a reference genome.

So we can see this is what people say the sequence of mitochondrial DNA is, and we can see in this cell there are this many mutations, and we can, you know, either understand what their role is because they're maybe associated with diseases, or we can predict their functional impact.

And so there, you know, one thing you could do is follow these systems over time and look at the changes in the population that have those mutations or those larger deletions.

And the other thing that we're able to do is these technologies can read out on different, essentially incorporating chemistries to understand other feed out-- other readouts other than, um, just the sequence.

Like, how close are we to, to really kind of understanding, like, what is really going on?