Mm-hmm.

You know, the decryption of hieroglyphs is an extraordinary story, and, you know, unless you can read hieroglyphs, you can't really read into the history of the Egyptians.

It's a lost story unless you can read their texts.

But you know what? It's not really a code.

Now, Egyptian hieroglyphs were not a code in that sense.

They were written as a form of communication, and it's just that we've forgotten how to read them.

So you have to use code-breaking techniques to read hieroglyphs to crack the code, but it wasn't ever meant to be a code.

But yes, code breaking.

But going back a few decades, what about mechanics? Like, when did things become mechanical? When did a code-breaking machine sort of emerge? And w- how did Turing do what he did without c- the computer power that we have now?

So I think cryptography develops because, you know, I break your code, and I need a better code.

Cryptography also develops as a result of communications technology advancing.

So when the telegraph was invented, we needed more secure forms of encryption.

You know, the British Empire was being run by people in London sending messages over telegraph lines across the world.

And then when the radio was invented, again, we needed even better forms of communication because somebody on a battlefield could send a radio message over hundreds of miles and send lots of information in just a few seconds.

So we needed even more effective encryption that was rapid and secure.

But yes, code breaking.