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Sergio Puig
Legal professional
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Jun 15, 2026
Episode 44: One Strait, Many Chokepoints: International Law and the New Geopolitics of Energy
14:57
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15:33
15:55
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16:25

Justina UriburuHOST
What are the new choke points in this new configuration, and what does international law say about them?

Sergio PuigGUEST
I think maybe one of the, uh, new choke points may be the control over, um, uh, minerals, um, and another type of, uh, na- natural resources of this type that are essential for the energy transition, but also for the AI, uh, transformation, if we believe that there's something of that nature that, uh, will be fundamentally a transformation for, for geopolitics.

Sergio PuigGUEST
In this sense, I think you can see, you know, a choke points of, uh, countries that control, uh, many of these resources, right? I mean, it's well known that China has controlled many of rare earths and what have you, uh, that are important for, for manufacturing of, of some of these, um, i- infrastructures and, uh, different technologies.

Sergio PuigGUEST
But I would say other countries rich in minerals, right, uh, will be important.

Sergio PuigGUEST
And that, uh, creates questions of, uh, how different countries that actually are mobil- being mobilized by AI companies or, uh, energy companies, uh, seeking to benefit from, from these resources for clean energy, if you want, uh, will, will try to act, um, by deploying the, the, the power of the, the states.

Sergio PuigGUEST
And, and in this sense, I mean, you have examples like the Ukraine-US minerals deal, for example, right? That it, it's a very specific type of agreement at the very high level, but then it's implemented through really contractual, uh, agreements between two instrumentalities of Ukraine and the US, and has very specific details about, uh, shareholding and benefits and, uh, you know, access to concessions.
6 MINS LATER