Prehistoric Egypt

And these references are Abraham.

Like, we're talking about people who were pre-Egyptian captivity.

We're talking about, like, you know, 1700 to 2000 BC.

So the Hittites in the Bible, pretty solidly probably the same Hittites in Anatolia.

That is the conventional timeline in its broadest form.

Predynastic communities develop along the Nile.

A unified state emerges around 3100 BCE.

Dynastic institutions grow stronger.

There was no unified kingdom stretching from the Mediterranean to the first cataract, no old kingdom bureaucracy, no great pyramid, no pharaoh commanding tens of thousands of labourers.

But many of the ingredients were already there.

Predynastic graves often contained food, pottery, cosmetic pallets, stone tools, ornaments and symbolic objects.

Some walls and ceramics show boats, animals, processions and figures that may represent authority or ritual.

Like for a start, ancient Egypt as a civilization spanned such a long period of time that during the time of the pharaohs, the study of ancient Egypt already existed as a concept, a thing, a school of thought.

By the 14th century, when Amenhotep IV came to power, Egypt was already over a millennium old, and there had been several major periods, the Predynastic, the Early Dynastic, the Old Kingdom, the Middle Kingdom, and the Second Intermediate Period.

And his rule marks the beginning of the New Kingdom.

Throughout all of those eras and rulers, Egypt had changed and grown.