Despite our last names, we are not related, although we both are sporting very similar beards during this interview, when I asked him just why this finding was fascinating.

Phosphine is pretty common in things like giant planets, and there's a bunch of mechanisms we think that might produce it, but it is exceedingly rare in smaller rocky worlds like Venus.

And on Earth, phosphine appears to be exclusively linked to life.

It's found in bogs and swamps.

It's caused by organic breakdown, by bacteria.

And the point is that if you were to find phosphine in the atmosphere of a planet, Venus,

then there's a chance there could be life.

But this phosphine detection really was stunning.

For anyone who's not familiar with healthcare abroad, explain for us the basic premise of it and then we'll get it into the nitty gritty of how it might or might not be useful for anyone who's listening.

Yeah, so that's the biggest thing.

That's the biggest issue that we have.

It's actually awareness.

Not enough people know about this.

And also that there's a lot of, you know, misconceptions out there that people think that they have to be on waiting lists it's it's a european scheme it's called the eu cross-border directive and what it more or less says is if you've lived in ireland for 12 months or more have a pps number you are entitled to have your surgery or procedure carried out in one of the european uh one of our european countries we what we do forget here in ireland that we are part of the european union uh what healthcare abroad do we generally do everything for the patient we represent 87 private hospitals across europe the majority of our hospitals are in spain The reason behind that is Spain is such a good healthcare system.

It's number three in Europe and seven in the world.

What are the accommodations usually created around that?

Right.

Now, that point is deep, deep inside Earth, and it's only a little bit off the very center of Earth.

So for all intents and purposes, practically speaking, the Moon goes around Earth.

But strictly speaking, it doesn't.

This shared point in space between Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, is actually physically outside Pluto, and that, the reason for that is because where two objects orbit each other is a, is a kind of a trade-off of how big they are and how far apart they are, and Charon's pretty big as moons go.

It's actually s- it's actually the largest moon to a larger primary, uh, i- in the solar system.

And so Pluto and Charon actually technically orbit kind of around this shared point of space, which is a few tens of kilometers above Pluto's surface.

[laughs]

So, could you tell us a bit about the festival?

Yeah, so it starts on Friday week, the 7th of August, and it goes on until the Sunday night.

We've got the headline...

The big headline name we have is Hot House Flowers, which unfortunately the tickets are sold out for that, but we have plenty of other gigs.

We've got seven ticketed gigs and we've got 43 gigs.

So we've over 50 acts in total across seven venues.

So we have a few gigs on the Friday evening and then it really kicks off big time at lunchtime on Saturday.

mean? Stuff

How do we fix this?

Clement, one hundred percent.

I think that continued development is, i- it's, it's so critical.

And, you know, you talked a segment called sort of the world of work.

I think as we accelerate into what I refer to as the new world of work, we have to rely on that continuous education.

If we're not doing it, every one of us has the risk of falling behind, um, uh, in terms of, uh, of, of, of where we are in our career.

So it becomes a critical factor to our sort of ongoing employability just to make sure that we continue to, uh, uh, to grow and develop our skills.

Paul, your response?

But as South Africa looks at Youth Day and what all of this means, what does the latest PNED data tell us about the current state of opportunities available to young individuals trying to make it in the job market?

Alex, it's such an important conversation, specifically at this time of the year when we are celebrating Youth Month.

And really, given the state of where we found ourselves and the socio-economic challenges that we confronted with youth unemployment, we thought it was particularly appropriate just to get into the detail of seeing where meaningful pathways exist into employment for youth where we find ourselves this year.

And you've mentioned some of those roles, but the top roles that we see are frequently occurring, specifically advertised towards our youth in South Africa, continue to be the likes of your sales reps, your sales assistants and sales consultants.

Those are very common jobs and they're perfectly suited to people coming into the job market for the first time.

And specifically those people that sort of have that aptitude and the attitude to get into that type of role can make a seriously good career out of the sales economy.

Following on from that, we see admin clerks continue to still be well sought after.

jobs in hotels, restaurants, lodges, those kind of things.

What are the trends at the moment that we ought to know about? First

of all, thank you very much for having me, John.

Good to be on the show.

And yeah, you are 100% correct.

That biggest hurdle is finding that first job and getting a foot in the door.

And I think the biggest hurdles really come down to, first of all, the availability of those jobs and then the necessary skills that people have got to be able to apply for those jobs.

so very appropriately we've had a look at some the types of jobs that are available for entry-level positions and people with limited experience as as we are in youth month and the types of jobs that we see are most commonly occurring as available and offering these pathways into employment for our youngsters are jobs like your sales reps, specifically sales assistants and sales consultants, and offering decent salaries all the way up to about 20,000, 20,500 rand per month.

What is your sense of the willingness of companies offering those posts to train people who are brand new?

is.Can it get bigger? Can there be more? What does it look like in the future?

Yeah, the stadium's been built to expand.

So just behind us there's a, actually right over my head, there's a steel beam, uh, that goes right a- right across the south end as well as north end.

So a steel ba- beam will be, uh, is built to hold 2,500 seats on this end, as well as the other.

So that'll be our, our 5,000.

That'll get us to 15,000.

Also, over my shoulder on our east side, we're built to expand on that side as well.

From the original design.

What's it, what's it mean to you? What's it like to know that we can get places like this built now?

It's quite phenomenal.

I, I always look back.

I, I started my career early on in '99 with Major League Soccer team, and seeing the resource there, I some- sometimes look at where that has come now, and I see the, that league.

But seeing USL reminds me of that a little bit.

And I knew back then they were saying, "If you build it, they will come," right? If you build stadiums, if you build infrastructure, training facilities, so on and so forth.

I mean, Rhode Island FC is a leg up now in USL in building such a phenomenal facility here, and they will come.

So what does that mean for you?

Paul Byrne, Associate Professor of Earth and Planetary Science at Washington University, has been speaking to my colleague Nick Robinson.

A lot of us grew up thinking there were nine planets, but in the last twenty years or t- or so, we've learned that there's actually probably a lot more worlds about Pluto's size way out in the dark, way past Neptune.

And so in two thousand and six, the International Astronomical Union, which is the international group of, of astronomers who are tasked with deciding what we call things, held a vote, and that vote was to determine whether they would include all those other worlds as planets or whether there would be a need to come up with a new term to declassify, if you like, Pluto from a planet and call it a dwarf planet, including all these other worlds as well.

And the vote was contentious, but it passed, and since two thousand and six, we now have technically eight planets and a whole pile, an uncounted number of dwarf planets.

But technically, what is the measurement that's being made to decide that Pluto is or isn't a planet? What's the test?

So there were three criteria that the International Astronomical Union settled on in this very contentious vote twenty years ago.

One, it has to orbit the Sun.

The second requirement is that they have to have been big enough to, for gravity to pull themselves into a round ball, so that way we don't count things like asteroids, which are often shaped like bananas and peanuts.