So what are some of the top lines that have come out of this report?

So, um, the main things we know are this, uh, that, uh, what drive-- We now understand so much more.

We understand what drives, uh, women's mental health problems.

So there are key transition points in our lives, uh, sexual, reproductive, hormone.

Our hormone health is really important.

So pubert- puberty, pregnancy, postnatal period, p- the menopause, older age, really important crucial times that are, that are life changing, but also there are biological aspects.

Gender-based violence and the trauma that women suffer.

Are certain types of mental health treatment faring better for women when it comes to diagnosis?

And Lado, I wondered, thinking of the national landscape, what are your sort of insights from a system that really will help us to ensure that any initiatives for women are going to meet all women and not leave women behind? What sorts of learnings would you say to us from your work?

What Leslie has just touched on beautifully is essentially the structural discrimination that exists against women.

And the point about structural stuff is that we don't notice it.

I mean, you described, Philippa, because we're admiring the data, it almost gets normalized.

And I would say it's not that it almost gets normalized.

It has been normalized for years and years and years.

so that that's why we don't notice it actually we just think oh isn't that terrible but hey that's just how it is you know more black women die in childbirth uh teenage you know one in four of those deaths are of teenage women that's just how it is because don't isn't it and it's actually based on a very old-fashioned understanding of childbirth which is that childbirth is risky because it was you know used to be years ago that one in two women died so there's part of us that kind of accepts it because it's just how it is.

And I think if we can do something like this, it will be incredibly powerful.

You talk about being able to target those people, but how? Like, what would be presenting? Because we often hear about, I don't know, brain fog, maybe a sense of rage, uh, maybe a new phobia or anxiety.But what you're telling me about is different.

So we know that there are some people who, for example, there are some people who are hormonally sensitive, so, um, they might be more likely to develop sig- to develop significant mood issues around the time of, um, reproductive periods in their life.

So for example, um, during pregnancy or childbirth, and if you're more likely to get postnatal depression, then actually what you-- what we should be telling, telling people is, "Look, when it comes to the perimenopausal period, you might find that you have a, a relapse of this condition that you had around the time of, of pregnancy and, and childbirth." So actually, we need to be making sure that people are aware of the risks that they may have themselves, and if we-- and also just, um, letting women know that if these symptoms aren't improving, I mean, actually, to be perfectly honest with you, even if you're having brain fog, et cetera, you should be getting good menopause support actually.

So you don't-- y- women don't have to, have to live with the difficulty with concentration and the hot sweats and the insomnia because there are-- we know that there are, um, hormone replacement therapies that are very effective that can, that can support them with this.

And when it comes to the mental illnesses, because sometimes people will need psychiatric treatment in conjunction with that hormonal treatment to help them to stay well.

But you also want to consider, uh, people who have had, um, existing mental conditions, so women to be aware how the menopause might affect them.

Yeah, absolutely.

Because, um, we know-- also know that people who have existing mental health problems, particularly bipolar illness, other mood disorders, disorders like schizophrenia, are actually unfortunately have much worse time when it comes to the menopausal period, and that's because, um, sometimes it might be hormonal exacerbation of the problem, but also, um, sometimes there's diagnostic overshadowing.