And so can you give us some background into what has led researchers to investigate B vitamins as a potential strategy for AMD risk reduction?

Sure.

Dr. Singh, one of the most exciting shifts in AMD care is the recognition that retinal resilience is influenced by more than oxidative stress alone.

It's shaped by the intersection of vascular biology, mitochondrial health, inflammation, nutrient status.

And the ability of the RPE to withstand metabolic stress over time.

You know, ARIDs and ARIDs2 established the value of specific antioxidant and mineral formulations for patients at risk of progression to advanced AMD.

But those formulations don't address every biologic pathway implicated in AMD.

Why don't you tell us a little bit about both of those trials?