And, um, I know some folks like to use, uh, like a sealant on the ends of those, those teats to prevent bacteria from getting inside that udder.

Yeah.

So when I work with farms to help them develop their dry-off protocols, we're thinking about ways that we can prevent mastitis or clear up any existing infections that those cows might have.

And so we're usually including things in those dry cow protocols, like the coliform mastitis vaccines, and then on the day of dry-off, using an intramammary tube that's going to contain some antibiotics that will help to clear up any existing infections and then, like you mentioned, a teat sealant to make sure that there's not going to be any bacteria getting up into that udder.

And certainly, using an acidogenic bolus that's gonna help reduce milk leakage is also going to help reduce the opportunity that bacteria have to get into that udder by not opening up that teat with leaking milk.

So this kind of great segue into mastitis management and do you see or should we be looking for trends, um, when we're suddenly noticing that this cow, like every however many weeks, is suddenly having an issue, or it's a group of cows that were in this, this holding area? What are we, what should we be looking for as dairy producers?

Any time we're looking at ways to better manage mastitis on the dairy, I think there's a really important conversation to be had about culturing and the value that that has for identifying those trends.

So any time we have a clinical case of mastitis, it can be beneficial to culture that milk sample.