And you clearly, and, you know, your family have that mindset, which I think is super powerful.

I, I think it certainly can be and, and, you know, it, it's interesting you mentioned AI a second ago, which I think is, is phenomenal.

And, and, you know, a lot of times, uh, people will ask, you know, like- How about AI? What's it gonna do to your industry, and how will it change things? Uh, and I, I think the answer is, is still being written, frankly, but, you know, AI, when used correctly, is, uh, I think it's gonna revolutionize things.

I think it's gonna rapidly speed up the development of new compounds, you know, and, you know, much faster than, than we could, you know, as humans, obviously, and just give us more to work with.

But here's a funny thing, uh, about AI that, that came up, and it's kind of specific to our molecule, our drug, is actually comprised of three different APIs, uh, active pharmaceutical ingredients.

And, uh, a little... that's a little bit unique.

Uh, but we were talking to one of our advisors, this guy is a, you know, as far as cancer drug development goes, he's, you know, kind of on the Mount Rushmore of cancer drug development, right? This guy's a legend, he's a super genius, and also just a fantastic human being, too.

Wou- would you mind speaking a little bit more towards, you know, your, your view on leadership and how you find the best way to help others develop?

Well, thanks

for having me.

I appreciate it.

So, you know, we set out back in, I guess it was 1982 is actually when my dad started a family business in the oil and gas industry of all things.

It was oil and gas chemicals.

He's a synthesis chemist.

And so he founded the company and I actually ended up going to law school after majoring in biology in undergrad and came back and started working for the company.

stuff.

So, you know, do you have some solutions and like, how do you pay for some of this stuff?

It's a very good question.

The city sustainability commission has actually created a building electrification, I'm sorry, building decarbonization working group with about half a dozen community members looking at just these questions.

One of the big problems that we have is that about 75% of the city of Albany is on natural gas for heat.

And at least at the moment, natural gas is much cheaper than electric heat pumps.

So it's a tough sell to try to get people to install heat pumps knowing that their utility bills are going to go up, especially with the rates increases we've been seeing in recent years.

Another problem we have is that, as you mentioned, there's a lot of substandard buildings in the city, those that have not been maintained for the tenants that live there.

You know, where does geothermal fit into the new climate plan, if at all?

So, you know, do you have some solutions and like how do you pay for some of this stuff?

very good question um our the city sustainability commission has actually created a building electrification i'm sorry building decarbonization working group uh with about half a dozen uh community members looking at just these questions um one of the big problems that we have is that about 75 percent of the city of albany is on natural gas for heat and at least at the moment natural gas is much cheaper than electric heat pumps So it's a tough sell to try to get people to install heat pumps, knowing that their utility bills are going to go up, especially with the rates increases we've been seeing in recent years.

Another problem we have is that, as you mentioned, there's a lot of substandard buildings in the city, those that have not been maintained for the tenants that live there.

Though I will say, too, that it was pointed out to me that When you're looking at housing that was built in the 19th century, early 20th century, they were built kind of breathable by design, a design standard that no longer suits our needs because with heat pumps, you need a tight building envelope.

So before you even get to electrification, you need to deal with what we call pre-electrification, which is insulation, new roofs, new windows, getting rid of asbestos and mold issues.

It's an enormous lift and we're trying to figure out pathways forward right now, though I don't have a good answer yet.

There is one model that we are looking at, and that is the Ann Arbor, Michigan model.

Where does geothermal fit into the new climate plan, if at all?

What are the challenges? You know, what kills a great product or a great idea before it comes, you know, into the market? Maybe you'd like to share that?

Yeah, it's a whole host of different things.

There's probably a million different ways to fail and very few ways to succeed.

And that's true across industries, I believe.

Um, but I think that, you know, when it comes to pharmaceuticals, it really is very simple.

It's does the molecule work and if it's safe to, to, for people to take, and that's eminently practical, obviously, and probably obvious, but, uh, at the end of the day, it's very difficult to find a molecule that actually does have both safety and efficacy.

Um, you know, the, there's plenty of molecules that can kill cancer in a Petri dish.

How can you sort of share that experience for our listeners out there in acquiring sort of grants on a big scale like yourself, raising capital?

What, where did you grow up and like, how did you get involved in the outdoors? That kind of thing.

Yeah, I grew up in Salt Lake city, Utah.

So

really great opportunities there, uh, for hunting.

And I was really into skiing from a young age.

So I just loved everything basically in the mountains, rock climbing, mountain biking, backpacking, all those types of things.

Um, I started hunting with my dad when I was young, so he was hunting first.

What's the deal with the Wyoming Mule Deer Alliance?

[laughs]

It's part of the presidential symposium, and it's- I think it's gonna be a really high impact presentation that'll be, uh, elicit a lot of conversation, and we'll dive into some of the details for, for why that is in a second.

Uh, this abstract is, uh, from Encoded Therapeutics and their, uh, clinical colleagues who have been bringing forward their ETX-101 program, uh, for, uh, Dravet syndrome, which is a devastating neurodevelopmental disorder that includes, you know, severe epilepsy.

And this abstract will present the interim results from the POLARIS Phase 1/2 clinical trial, and what this is providing in an u- is an update on ETX-101.

Uh, and they've treated 21 patients thus far.

Uh, but before I get into some of those details, I first want ... you know, the big gene part.

So Dravet syndrome, uh, as I mentioned, you know, is a devastating disorder, and it's caused by, uh, mutations in the SCN1A gene, whose protein coding sequence is, um, encoded by, uh, over 6,000 nucleotide, uh, uh, stretch of RNA.

Absolutely.