They'll both be discussing their research entitled Expanded JDY IoT and SOHO Botnet Enables Rapid Vulnerability Exploitation.

So this story goes back a couple of years.

It involves Chinese APTs and cyber espionage.

So it's actually not a new network.

Uh, a c- few years ago, we published some research on another network called the KV botnet, and the KV botnet was important because it was linked to Volt Typhoon, which is, you know, of course, the infamous Chinese APT responsible for targeting critical infrastructure providers.

And at the time, the KV botnet was, uh, used as a covert network, and you'll hear this term sometimes also referred to as an ORB network or operational relay box network.

But they're basically groups of devices, sometimes compromised devices, that adversaries use to relay and proxy their traffic to obfuscate who they are, where they're coming from, and basically it helps them blend in with normal traffic.

Um, Ian, what's the significance of that?

They'll both be discussing their research entitled Expanded JDY IoT and Soho Botnet Enables Rapid Vulnerability Exploitation.

So this story goes back a couple of years.

It involves Chinese APTs and cyber espionage.

So it's actually not a new network.

A few years ago, we published some research on another network called the KV Botnet.

And the KV Botnet was important because it was linked to Volt Typhoon, which is, of course, the infamous Chinese APT responsible for targeting critical infrastructure providers.

And at the time, the KV Botnet was used as a covert network.

Ian, what's the significance of that?

Kroger, fresh for everyone.

The future as we know is very unpredictable.

The best minds in the best institutions generally get it wrong.

This is in technology, this is in the area of politics, where pundits, the CIA, MI6 always get it wrong, and it's clearly in the area of finance, where the institutions established to think about the future, the IMF, the BIS, the Financial Stability Forum, couldn't see what was coming.

Over 20,000 economists whose job it is, competitive entry to get there, couldn't see what was happening.

Globalization is getting more complex and this change is getting more rapid.

The future will be more unpredictable.

This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

Ian, what are you seeing?

Well first, being at CASPERS has been an experience of a lifetime and I want to thank Lara and Bob and everyone that's gone to make this possible.

This is an amazing place and for those of you that haven't been CASPERS fellows, try being one.

So thank you.

And thanks to you Thomas and the Institute for Justice and to Rachel and what you're doing with Welcoming America.

which is quite remarkable, both things.

And I must say, one of the big surprises of my time at Kaspers has been discovering how much really good stuff is happening at Stanford, which I always thought is a rather conservative who-vee institution place, but it's not.

but I need