So now I was wondering if you could bring us up to date with the work that you did that preceded this paper, where you initially engineered a quadrivalent vaccine and how you then took things forward with the experiments that make up this particular brain paper.

Yeah.

So a new technology called cryo-electron microscopy had shown or solved the structures of synthetic alpha-synuclein fibrils.

And we didn't know what these fibrils looked like and what the conformational epitopes looked like on these fibrils before cryolium.

There were also studies using solid-state NMR, which also helped with solving these structures.

but most of it was done by cryo-EM.

So when we started this work, we knew the structures of synthetic alpha-synuclein fibrils, and we could identify residues on alpha-synuclein which are part of the fibro and make up a conformational epitope, but do not make up an epitope on the peptide itself, on the monomer.

And I was just wondering, when you do vaccinate the mice and in previous work, have you seen that there's any differential loss of alpha-synuclein deposits between the CNS and peripheral tissues such as gut and skin?