They can make sense in certain situation." So when does something like an income annuity genuinely make sense, or when is it something that's just kind of wasted time or just the wrong tool for someone?

Yeah, so let's be clear.

I mean, I, I completely agree with your statement that there's a lot of skepticism around annuities out there, right? They can be very expensive.

In the past, there's no question that they have been mis-sold, and they've just gotten a really bad reputation in the industry.

That does not, however, mean that the right annuity for the right person cannot add a lot of value, right? And in our paper, we really focused specifically on fixed annuities.

So we didn't talk about variable annuities.

We didn't talk about, uh, indexed annuities, right? We focused very specifically on fixed annuities, and part of the reason we did that is in some ways, fixed annuities are almost like the index fund of the, of the annuity world, right? They tend to be l- fairly low fees.

Can you kind of explain dynamic spending and how guardrails work and, and how that works maybe in practice even?