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Frank Markowitz

Frank Markowitz

Transportation planner and pedestrian safety specialist, retired from the San Francisco Municipal Transportation Agency, and author of "Outdoor Lighting for Pedestrians."

Sep 22, 2026

20:22
I mean, you know, for folks that are listening, what is contrast and why is it so important for transportation planning and lighting generally?
20:29
So that's a good point, Jeff.
20:31
There are a number of different metrics and factors.
20:35
Contrast is, is one, is how well the object of interest, like a pedestrian, is showing up against the background, and positive contrast is when, say, the pedestrian appears brighter than the background, negative when it's the reverse, if the background is brighter than, say, the pedestrian.
20:56
And all those different factors or metrics can be really important.
21:00
I, I mentioned how in San Francisco I would deal with pedestrian safety issues, hotspots.
21:07
There's one intersection I remember dealing with a, a high level of nighttime pedestrian injuries and fatalities, Market and Castro Street intersection, which is near the Harvey Milk Plaza and also a location where there's a lot of pedestrian activity, sort of the gay rights center of San Francisco.

18 MINS LATER

39:58
I mean, there's, there's these ideas of bioluminescent sidewalks and stuff like that, but what is the real future of lighting in cities?

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