I was wondering, Frank, if you could just talk about how those politics, how the politics, the beneficial politics of racism for the racists have infected this all along.

Well, uh, Japanese Americans got out of the camps, and America still viewed our parents and grandparents as somewhat suspect.

I mean, they must have done something wrong.

Otherwise, why were they put in these prison camps? Uh, and so my parents' generation grew up with the idea that, uh, with people saying still, um, you know, "You, you, it was you guys who bombed Pearl Harbor after all.

Remember Pearl Harbor." Uh, and so when we were growing up, it was a question of asking our parents, you know, "Mom, Dad, w- we just learned about this in school.

How could you let this happen to you? Why'd you go along? Why didn't you resist?" And the answer was, you know, "It, the country was against us." And people at the time still believe that Japanese Americans were suspect.

And we, at that time, we knew that we had to do something to change the narrative in this country, to turn the country around, and to understand two things, that, one, the camps were wrong, and, two, that the government needed to do something tangible to apologize and award a token compensation, not for our property losses and lost freedom, but for the violations of the Constitution of due process and equal protection under the law.

Um, I, I wonder how you think about the fact of redress and today's activism.

I was wondering, Frank, if you could just talk about how those politics, how the politics, the beneficial politics of racism for the racists, have infected this all along.

Well, Japanese Americans got out of the camps, and America still viewed our parents and grandparents as somewhat suspect.

I mean, they must have done something wrong.

Otherwise, why were they put in these prison camps? And so my parents' generation grew up with the idea that, with people saying, still, you know, it was you guys who bombed Pearl Harbor after all, remember Pearl Harbor.

And so when we were growing up, it was a question of asking our parents, you know, mom, dad, we just learned about this in school.

How could you let this happen to you? Why'd you go along? Why didn't you resist? And the answer was, you know, the country was against us.

And people at the time still believe that Japanese Americans were suspect.

The only reason you would want to do that was to be able to treat people in ways that you can't treat them if they are citizens.