E
Evan Appleton
Researcher
2
APPEARANCES
2
PODCASTS
012
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Sep 25, 2026
Base to Base biotech podcast 77: Transferring mammal traits to humans, and is injecting tumours a new way to kill cancer?
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Jim CornallHOST
Are there any specific things that you're looking to address? Because there's obviously a whole range range from things that work well in other mammals that would be beneficial to have in humans right the way across to can we tackle cancer or certain diseases?

Evan AppletonGUEST
At the moment, a lot of the characterized genes from evolution that have advantages, a lot of them do relate to DNA damage response.

Evan AppletonGUEST
So the DNA damage response pathway has many proteins involved, but it's highly conserved in cells across mammals at least.

Evan AppletonGUEST
And so there's a cascade of proteins that have different responsibilities in there.

Evan AppletonGUEST
And it so happens that many of those systems that have been characterized in an animal that has like a longevity feature, you know, for example, bowhead whales living 200 years, naked mole rats are the longest lived rodent by quite a wide margin.

Evan AppletonGUEST
It's often the case that that ability is traced back to some enhanced DNA damage responsibility in all of their cells.
8 MINS LATER

Jim CornallHOST
Looking at it ethically from the other angle, is there any danger to the species of origin from these proteins? It's not like you have to decimate an entire population of a species in order to do that.
Intertwined Biosciences: Engineering Evolution for Human Health
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Cory SmithHOST
So for your basic research and understanding evolutionary history or how to apply this, what are some of the main things breakthroughs that AI is helping you do? You

Evan AppletonGUEST
So the first one, which is core to actually getting the features from these animals working in human cells, is a virtual cell.

Evan AppletonGUEST
And more specifically, in our case, we're focused on innate immune system diseases that trace back to a macrophage, so an innate immune cell.

Evan AppletonGUEST
And so we're building a virtual representation of just that particular cell type.

Evan AppletonGUEST
And what that allows us to do is with the data that we have access to, in which thousands of molecules are tested against these particular cells and their reactions to them are measured through sequencing, you can build a virtual model of what happens when you change one gene and toggle something there.
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