And Emma, do you see any value as conditions are a little bit different on the sides of the state?

No, I think AJ really hit it on the nose, right? A lot of people, um, you know, there's some common misconceptions where, you know, if you're really hot, you know, and you wanna get out from the heat, you know, do your cattle also need to be get out, out, out and out of the heat? And the answer is generally not, right? Um, not necessarily.

You know, we wanna care for the welfare of the animals, but a lot of times cattle are made for this, right? This is, this is where they, this is where they belong.

So, um, but I think making sure that you, if you do provide shade, right, that it's in a very strategic manner in whatever fashion that is, and make sure that, you know, your, the structures or whatever you have have good airflow, and they're not too small or too cramped.

Uh, but if you want animals to be able to control access to certain grazing locations, you can utilize shade along with mineral sites and water sites to be able to spread and get a more even distribution.

I agree with AJ.

I think the University of Nebraska-Lincoln just put out a grazing study where they were looking at location of shade, um, of the shade in a proportion to how close the water is.

Um, I think they had slightly smaller pastures than what we'd really see out here in Western Kansas, um, but I think it g- got some good, maybe preliminary data in there where they saw there was really no difference in how much the cattle use the shade in terms of how far away f- it was from water.

And Emma, do you see any value as conditions are a little bit different on the sides of the state?

No, I think AJ really hit it on the nose, right? A lot of people...

Um, you know, there's some common misconceptions where, you know, if you're really hot, you know, and you want to get out from the heat, you know, do your cattle also need to be out and out of the heat? And the answer is generally not, right.

Um, not necessarily, you know, we want to care for the welfare of the animals, but a lot of times cattle are made for this, right.

This is, this is where they, this is where they belong.

So, um, But I think making sure that you, if you do provide a shade, right, that it's in a very strategic manner in whatever fashion that is.

And make sure that, you know, the structures or whatever you have, have good airflow and they're not too small or too cramped.

But if you want animals to be able to control access to certain grazing locations, you can utilize shade along with mineral sites and water sites to be able to spread and get a more even distribution.

And Emma, what is Cow

Camp? So Cow Camp is a hands-on learning experience where we're really here to help you grow your and whatever your goals are to help your operation back at home, right? Whether that's a small herd, helping with family operation, or even if you're brand new to the cattle industry and want to just get a crash course on some of the things that you need to learn, right? But we really focus on the hands-on programming that really build the confidence that you need to connections with other people in your area that also are going through a similar stage of life, right? And then also really focusing on building those practical skills as well.

And what are a few of the others?

So we do have nutrition.

Sandy is going to give a great reproduction-based talk.

We're also going to talk about implants, have a hands-on demonstration on how to use all the different implants and really get into the discussion of when should you use implants, especially with some of the newer regulations that have come across in this past half decade.

We're also going to talk about vaccine handling, when to use vaccines, how to properly store them, creating a potential vaccine timeline, neonatal calf care.

We're also having High Plains Credit come in and really talk about some of the things of What do you need to have together when you go to talk to your lender, you know, at a bank and trying to create a good plan on that part, as well as flying to control and some prescribed burning talks as well.

And Emma, what is Cow

Camp? So Cow Camp is a hands-on learning experience where we're really here to help you grow your and whatever your goals are to help your operation back at home, right? Whether that's a small herd, helping with family operation, or even if you're brand new to the cattle industry and want to just get a crash course on some of the things that you need to learn, right? But we really focus on the hands-on programming that really build the confidence that you need to connections with other people in your area that also are going through a similar stage of life, right? And then also really focusing on building those practical skills as well.

And what are a few of the others?

So we do have nutrition.

Sandy is going to give a great reproduction-based talk.

We're also going to talk about implants, have a hands-on demonstration on how to use all the different implants and really get into the discussion of when should you use implants, especially with some of the newer regulations that have come across in this past half decade.

We're also going to talk about vaccine handling, when to use vaccines, how to properly store them, creating a potential vaccine timeline, neonatal calf care.

We're also having High Plains Credit come in and really talk about some of the things of What do you need to have together when you go to talk to your lender, you know, at a bank and trying to create a good plan on that part, as well as flying to control and some prescribed burning talks as well.

Emma, what does vitamin A do?

So vitamin A matters a lot, especially in the reproductive cow herd, right? So vitamin A plays an essential role for vision, immune function, reproductive success, as well as just overall growth and metabolism, especially for cattle that are pregnant, lactating, or just growing young cattle in general.

Where do cattle often get vitamin A from? So vitamin A is mostly found in green forages.

And so we're talking greenless pastures.

That's an excellent source.

Lots of beta carotene in place that cattle can convert to vitamin A.

Cattle can also convert beta carotene into vitamin A naturally.

What are some of the different amounts that often come in forages?