And so since some of your work's focused on heat acclimation, how our bodies adapt to better cope with heat stress in the future, What are some of the most important changes that take place in our bodies in response to regular heat stress that lets us better cope with heat in the future?

So I just want to expand it before I go into the physiology is I think we're also thinking about when you describe what happened in Europe this summer with the climate and weather stressors, there are levels of like cultural systemic changes and habits and behaviors and access to resources that are really important to mitigate minimize exposure on top of that when we think about our bodies if we become acclimated or acclimatized to heat exposure or exercise or physical activity in a hot and humid environment we are changing the kinds of physiological processes are happening in our body So at rest, we're not really as concerned with heat loss, heat dissipation.

And so we're not actively sweating, for example, while we're sitting in a temperate environment.

But when we are acclimatized, we actually have changes that from the brain to the sweat glands, there's a quicker ramp up time, a better detection system, and a more robust response.

So you sweat earlier, much more in terms of sweat volume and the amount of sweat, and And then it also changes the sweat composition because I think your body somehow knows that you're sweating more and is trying to protect what is released in sweat that you might need, right? So electrolytes, for example, are not lost as much when you're acclimated.

And so that's just one component.

But the other big changes are that your cardiovascular system becomes more adapted because you have increased demands for circulation of your blood to dissipate heat and you have changes in the vasculature so blood vessels are dilating at the skin that's why you for example will get red in the face if you're exercising but in acclimated individuals that process is happening more frequently and to a greater degree in resting conditions and then during easy exercise so So I think I would sum it up to say, really, everything is prioritized to dissipate heat.

Are there any particular stimuli, could be exercise, could be heat stress, could be something else, that you think have very widespread positive effects on resilience and therefore could be things that listeners might try?