And so when you're looking at and evaluating these new inhaler technologies or formulation approaches, um, what kinds of clinical or real world evidence, um, can be most helpful in that regard?

Well, there is, there is a lot going on there, uh, because you, uh, you have first to demonstrate, um, uh, the technical pieces so that the device works, the formulation is appropriate.

Um, the average size of the particles that are generated by the device are the right one.

They are so small then they can get to the right place in the lung.

For instance, we target, uh, to have a good proportion of particles that are below the two micrometers of diameter, uh, because these are the one that reaches the small airways, the distal part of the lung where, uh, the, the most severe disease is and where, uh, the most effect, uh, is, um, is expected.

Uh, consider that if you make particle that have a size above five microm- micrometers, so we're talking about very, very small sizes and very small differences, then at that point, most of the product is lost because it gets into, uh, the mouth, the trachea, in places where it should not go and does not exert any positive effect for asthma, COPD, and other diseases.

So this is the first piece.

And so are there any lessons learned that you think, um, respiratory medicine can teach the broader pharma industry about balancing these three things together?