The point of cities when they started building them in the Industrial Revolution in england was economic the design was absolutely built around how to transfer wealth from outside into inside into people's pockets it wasn't to have a healthy utopia and there are some cities or aspects of cities that we're now getting to where they're redesigned to increase access to health but the core structure is still built around the victorian idea of what a city is like One

of the key points that we try and tease out in the paper is trying to get away from this idea of a binary contrast between natural environments and highly industrialized environments.

A lot of the literature that you'll see compares going for a walk in the forest with going for a walk in the city.

For example, you've got these two contrasting conflict environments and the inference from that is that nature is good, city is bad, which obviously doesn't necessarily capture the full nuance.

There's aspects of cities that are wonderful, provide access to healthcare, economic opportunities, cultural exchange, and also aspects of nature that's not great for you.

I had a a trip to north america not so long ago and i was horrified to discover scorpions and mountain lions and bears and such like i thought that's that's not the type of nature we have in england so there's obviously aspects of nature that aren't great for you either but one of the key points as i mentioned that we tried to tease out is this idea of the industrialization continuum whereby all habitats on earth sit somewhere along this continuum so at the one extreme you've got environments that are not affected by industrialization at all.

And these are incredibly rare, maybe parts of the central Amazon rainforest or Antarctica.

Well, we want to know what's next for you two in either your research together and or individually.