And then I do want to get to your sense of today and what the threats are and how the U.S. stands 25 years after 9-11.

So the United States certainly made mistakes, and a fair number.

One thing I would stress, because many of the people watching or listening to this don't have strong memories of that era, in the years immediately after 9-11, senior government officials and most outside experts believed the next attack was going to happen tomorrow.

So a lot of what people were thinking about was, you know, I have to look myself in the mirror and say, I have done everything I could to stop the next 9-11, which if I don't do anything, it's going to happen very soon.

And I think that perception was wrong.

There certainly were plots, right? And Seth, you just named a list and some such as the attempt to bomb a bunch of flights over the Atlantic Ocean.

Like, that would have been a true mass casualty attack.

So are there lessons we can learn from some of those countries?

[upbeat music] Governments and private companies have a responsibility to try to stop, or at least reduce, the danger that terrorist groups and radicalized individuals can use AI to effectively use violence, and this is gonna be very difficult.

It's gonna require private-public partnerships.

It's going to require a lot of government efforts to gather information and to otherwise use AI to counter AI use by terrorist groups.

[upbeat music] Hi, I'm Dan Byman, Director of the Warfare, Irregular Threats, and Terrorism Program, and I'm here to talk about the brief that I co-wrote with V.S. Subrahmanian of Northwestern University, Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Terrorism.

Our paper argues that terrorist groups and radicalized individuals are likely to use artificial intelligence to improve their capabilities in a variety of ways.

Some of these are in terms of logistics or researching targets or building bombs, but a lot is about recruitment and propaganda.