So do you want to like kind of describe the actual threats to wallets as opposed to that too?

Yeah, absolutely.

Yeah.

So, I mean, just put simply, there's sort of two broad categories of how to attack Bitcoin.

One would be attacking the process of adding blocks to the chain, adding blocks to the blockchain network.

and that's done through mining.

And it turns out that that's actually very secure, even in a world with quantum computers.

So tell our listeners about what you actually created.

So, like, is this a threat to everything? So are echo chambers really concerned about Bitcoin, or is it a unique threat to Bitcoin because of the structure and the decentralization we talked about before?

Right.

Yeah.

So, so quantum threat is to cryptography writ large, right? And by cryptography, we mean encryption.

We use encryption all day, every day in the technology around us.

Governments use it, businesses use it.

Encryption can, you know, it can, can, can relate to transmitting messages over WhatsApp, over, you know, uh, over iMessage.

[laughs]

What does that mean practically?

Yeah, exactly.

So, so practically it means that we'd need fewer quantum resources in order to break encryption, and this is sort of like quantum resources is the Holy Grail.

It's, it's, you know, it's, it's what we've seen to, up until now, especially sort of characterizing up until 2024, was as you add quantum resources, and what we mean by that is, you know, basically the amount of computing power that a quantum computer ha- has access to.

As we add, uh, quantum resources, their fidelity or their accuracy starts to degrade.

Uh, and that was really the, the problem that, that had plagued this industry, the, the quantum computing industry for the past, you know, several decades.

Um, now we've reached this inflection point where, uh, back in 2024, Google, Google demonstrated for the first time ever that you can have this, it's called an error correction code, but it's basically this technique to, uh, as you add quantum resources, your errors actually start to flatten out, which gives you this sort of plateau in errors, which means that, you know, basically once you reach that plateau of errors, any increase in, in, in, in quantum algorithms required after, or any sort of increase in quantum resources thereafter, is all seen as basically profit.

Now, um, the Kardashev scale applied to Bitcoin mining, why is that relevant here? Uh, what is the, um, ultimate result of this finding here?