But at a practical level, how does a product passport work? What data follows a product? Who contributes to it? And who verifies it's accurate?

Yeah, so to understand product passports, we first have to break the mindset that DPPs are a European thing.

So yes, the European product passport was the one that first created the name of the concept, but it is a broader concept.

Now, in particular, I can point out that the EU system is a regulated system.

So if you make a false claim in a passport, in an EU passport, and then the market surveillance system catches you, then you're in big trouble.

In that sense, regulated systems don't have to rely so much on evidence of compliance.

They can rely on just the threat of penalties.

Now, thinking about the future, do you think that this is really the beginning of a future where every product carries its own verifiable history?