Maybe Bashir, could you talk through a bit what is revealed by historicising value and decentralising, I guess, the construction of value from the West?

Yeah, so this actually picks up from what Si was talking about in the previous question.

This was one of the strategies used to say, what do we mean by de-centering? And the idea is that not only are we looking at the global south as...

A region that tells us something about the world economic order dynamic, you know, different dynamics and all that, but also that it tells us how to think about IPE through different, you know, through a critical engagement with the concepts we use.

And, you know, the main, the standard concepts in IPE like value, labor, capital, you know, these words are already historically loaded and they have their own trajectory.

Historically, they mean different things across time.

And most of the time, to come back to what Zee was saying, when we teach this stuff, we kind of assume a generic definition of what these things are, when in fact they're concepts that have been in the making historically.

What would you say you feel are the main implications of the book? What should we take from this? What should we be taking from the book about understandings of global capitalism today? Maybe if Bishit, you want to start on this one?