So Can you tell our patients what is DHE and how does it work? And also, you know, how much evidence do we have behind this intervention?

So dihydroergotamine or DHE, this is a medication that has been around a long time.

So since the 1940s and even it's a derivative of medication called ergotamine, which was around even prior to that, but essentially was the only migraine-specific treatment that we had available for years and years, essentially up until the 1990s when triptans came around.

But it is derived from fungus plants, so from fungus, and a lot of medications, they come from plants, they come from fungi, they come from all different kinds of things and synthesized from that.

Then they made this formulation that is better tolerated in the 1940s.

It attaches to and turns on different brain receptors, so receptors on blood vessels, but also receptors involved in neurotransmission and communication and things that we think have a lot to do with migraine pathophysiology, both serotonin receptors, there's these adrenergic receptors, dopamine receptors.

So DHE acts on a lot of these different receptors.

So can you just tell our listeners a little bit more about one of those admissions to the hospital? What does that process look like?