It just, that perception, it just matters so much.

Yeah, another study that we did, and I'm blanking on the title of the report by Jonathan Rothwell and myself and another colleague.

We looked at the number of patents that were created during the Industrial Revolution.

And lo and behold, Black people who owned patent was one of the highest levels of patent owners in the country.

But those patents were highly concentrated in the North because in the South, there were restrictions.

When you free up those restrictions, when you remove those drags, people will invent, people will create, people will sell those goods on the market.

And so when we're not seeing it, we should be thinking, oh, where's the restriction? Where's the limitation imposed on the self-determination that's naturally there? Yet another study we did examined the traits of entrepreneurs.

What did that research reveal to you about how racism actually shows up in everyday economic life?

Can you share your story and how that has shaped your, uh, work that you're involved in today?

Well, certainly.

A- a- as the story was told to me, before I was born, there was a deal made between my maternal grandmother and this woman in the hood named Elsie Boyd.

I call her Mom But the way the story goes, um, my mother at the time was very young.

She was 15 when she had my older brother.

She was, um, 17 when she had me.

Um, she struggled with my, um, biological father.

Can you share with us what he means to you, and maybe a moment where he did something so amazing the rest of the world didn't know, but you saw it, and you saw it matter?

On the News Hour tonight, the latest jobs numbers show the economy growing at the slowest pace since the pandemic, and certain groups are taking the hardest hits.

It's a phrase that we've heard since I can remember, "Last hired, first fired," and it's a phrase known too well by Black and brown people.

Andre Perry studies race and economics at the Brookings Institution.

It's a phrase that we've heard, um, since I can remember, "Last hired, first fired," and it's a phrase known too well by Black and brown people, um, that Black workers are disproportionately impacted by economic downturns.