While J.R.R. Tolkien famously treated magic in classic fantasy as an ancient, unmeasured force tied to the creation of the world, numerous modern authors have chosen to design detailed and structured magical rules. For instance, Brandon Sanderson approaches the magical elements in his novels like a hard science, utilizing natural forces and the ingestion of specific metals to govern his worlds. Meanwhile, Ursula K. Le Guin grounds her mythological storytelling in nature and the power of true names, heavily drawing influence from Taoist philosophies. Other writers like Patrick Rothfuss blend academic and folkloric magic systems together seamlessly, while Susanna Clarke treats supernatural abilities as a recognized, forgotten component of historical fiction. Ultimately, these contemporary books demonstrate that fantasy literature offers a wide variety of inventive, thoughtfully constructed approaches to the supernatural.
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