Sep 7, 2026 · 24 min · 8 segments
The coffee served in London in the 1690s was notoriously unappetising, likened at the time to ‘burnt shoes and charcoal’. Nonetheless it was extremely popular, not least for the energy and locations…
Rosemary HillHost
Markman EllisGuest

In our last episode, we saw London survive the plague and begin to rebuild after the Great Fire of 1666.

And we ended with a crisis of royal succession, with the Catholic James II defying attempts to exclude him, and he finally took the throne in 1685.

I'm joined today by Markman Ellis, Professor of 18th Century Studies at Queen Mary University of London.

And we're going to watch as the city becomes a centre of financial revolution, which grows out of a network of coffee houses, where a new flow of caffeinated enterprises create political debate, financial chaos from time to time, the exchange of news and gossip, the first daily newspapers, reviews, advice columns.

Luckily for us, we have one of the great writers of London, Daniel Defoe, and we're going to start with an extract from his novel, Mel Flanders, published in 1722.
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