Woad

Koren Steinsaltz calls it safflower, which has a Latin name, Carthamus tinctorius, and is a flower with bright red, yellow, or orange petals.

In contrast, Artscroll calls it woad, W-O-A-D, which has a Latin name of Isatis tinctoria and is famously used to make a blue dye.

By famous, I mean that the first paragraph of its Wikipedia page talks about its use as a dye.

I found myself wondering if Artscroll chose that because isatis in Latin sounds somewhat like istis in Hebrew, but then I noticed that the Bartenura told us hundreds of years ago that istis was a dye similar to tegela, which is known to be blue.

Mill during his botanical rambles.

His excursions were chiefly in the county of Surrey, and especially in the neighbourhood of Guildford and the beautiful vale of the Sittingbourne, where he had the satisfaction of being the first to notice several plants of interest as Polygonum dumitorum, Isatis tinctoria, and Impatiens fulva, an American species of balsam, affording a very remarkable example of complete naturalisation in the Wey and other streams connected with the lower course of the Thames.

Mr.

Mill says he first observed this interloper in 1822 at Albury, a date which probably marks about the commencement of his botanical investigations, if not that of the first notice of the plant in this country.

Mill during his botanical rambles.

His excursions were chiefly in the county of Surrey, and especially in the neighborhood of Guildford and the beautiful vale of the Sittingbourne, where he had the satisfaction of being the first to notice several plants of interest as Polygonum dumitorum, Isatis tinctoria, and Impatiens fulva, an American species of balsam, affording a very remarkable example of complete naturalization in the way and other streams connected with the lower course of the Thames.

Mr.

Mill says he first observed this interloper in 1822 at Albury, a date which probably marks about the commencement of his botanical investigations, if not that of the first notice of the plant in this country.

Certainly, the Visigoths just happened to arrive as invaders, in effect, and they brought their religion with them.

And the Protestants... probably grew up strongly here because this is also a region very famous for its woad-dying.

Woad created enormous wealth here, and that was traded with Northern Europe, primarily.

There was an awful lot of contact between the area around Toulouse in the south of France and the areas where Calvinism and Protestantism grew up.

So that's probably why that came here.