Tumor microenvironment

And now with these newer ADCs, we think that they also function via bystander effect, where the payload can diffuse through the cell membrane and get into the neighboring cell.

But with sacituzumab, we do know in particular that it also releases some payload in the tumor microenvironment.

So even prior to ADCs going into the cancer cell with sacituzumab, it is releasing some of that SN38 payload around the tumor cell.

And so, you know, it, it does have a little bit of release that isn't just functioning as the classic bystander effect, where the payload's going through the cell membrane.

And then with newer generation ADCs, the payload is oftentimes permeable through the cell membrane, can get into the neighboring cancer cell, and often kill that cell by bystander effect.

Some of these ADCs have slightly different mechanisms.

So for example, with sacituzumab, it has some payload released into the tumor microenvironment prior to even getting internalized into the cell.

And so it also can have a different mechanism of bystander effect, where that payload in the tumor microenvironment can diffuse still into neighboring cells as well.