Thermogenin

So brown fat contains many mitochondria and specializes in producing heat.

A protein called UCP1 allows it to dissipate energy in that way.

Doing cold exposure, cold plunging or regular cold exposure also upregulates these same uncoupling proteins, and it also helps us to build more brown fat.

So in the twenty-fifteen study we discussed, researchers investigated T2 in rats with low thyroid function and found it activated brown fat thermogenesis.

So why do you think there is some of this overlap in terms of the mechanisms between like the uncoupling protein...

I actually said UCP2, but I meant UCP1, you know, being upregulated, fat burning enzymes being upregulated, and the liver cell fatty acid oxidation.

Like, do you have any theories on why there could be similar mechanisms with T2 and with keto?

And keto.

The genes told the same story.

In the fat, ZFP423 was switched down, and UCP1, the heat-making protein, went up.

Just as important were the things that did not change.

Muscle looked normal under the microscope, and grip strength was the same.

Blocking UCP-1 cut that burn by 39%, and adding creatine raised it by 50%, a sign of a second heat-making route called the futile creatine cycle.

Put another way, the beige fat had two furnaces.

One runs on UCP1, which lets protons leak across the mitochondrial membrane and releases energy and heat.

The other burns energy by building and breaking creatine in an endless loop.

P stands for phosphate.

And that's why we do NAD, that's why we take MATC, that's why we get all that, okay? There's another piece for it for thermogenic process that calls uncoupling protein one, okay? UCP1.

So there's ATP and then there's UCP1.

It's not as popular-- It's not as known-

Mm.