Serena Ferente

In other words, the church was a false and deceptive entity working only in their interests and not the political community's interests, and therefore it threatens the whole body politic.

Serena Ferente, who is a professor of medieval history at the University of Amsterdam, has clarified Marsilius' view here in that he saw the tyrannical potential of the church, which could disrupt a well-ordered state or civitas.

Now, he wasn't arguing for the dissolution of the church, but rather that the church was one part of the system.

And for Marsilius, there were six parts in total, and they are as follows.