Sauk people

June 21st.

I set out, accompanied by part of the four nations, viz.

the Falls of Wands, Sacks, Poins, and Renards, sailed about 15 leagues to the lower Falls of Wands towns, and camped.

june twenty second set out and arrived about ten o'clock at the mouth of the river on which the village stands went on shore walked up to the town and was saluted by the firing of guns by about fifty warriors of that town who discharged their guns three times called a council and spoke to them in the same manner as i did to the others and gave them large presents they sent two chiefs with twenty warriors with me contrary winds obliged us to stay all next day being the twenty fourth june twenty fifth set out escorted by ninety warriors exclusive of my garrison and the english traders and crossed the bay came to little detroit where a party of the ottawas lived to whom i gave presents and some strings of wampum which pleased them they sent six young men more with me june twenty sixth crossed the bay again and encamped on a little island june twenty seventh went about ten leagues encamped at the mouth of the river called the fishing place june twenty eighth went to the chippewas fishing-place here the indians who were with us apprehending they might meet with the chippewas who might be there to waylay us sent ashore forty warriors to reconnoitre the woods before we landed which they mostly did during our journey and always made us encamp in the centre the king of the sacks always went in the batteau with me and would always lay in the tent so great was their care we waited for the return of the ottawas canoes as they had promised to meet us here as was before mentioned but they did not come june twenty ninth set out and came to isle castor here we were alarmed with great smoke rising in the isle in different places and at different times while we were crossing their traverse and as the ottawas had not met us according to promise our indians mistrusted their sincerity when we came near to the island our indians halted and made all preparation imaginable for an action they obliged the english canoe to go in the centre the falls of wands went foremost stripped ready for action we went about half a league when turning a point we saw three or four indians on the shore naked with lighted pipes who called in the ottawa tongue for us to come ashore which our indians did perceiving them to be the ottawas who were to have met us yesterday they brought me a letter from captain etherington which after passing the pipe they delivered it was as follows ottawa village june twenty eighth seventeen sixty three dear sir yours i received this morning and am glad to hear your coming agreeably to your desire i have sent the canoe of ottawas to conduct you to this place and keep all the english you have together i hope to see you soon and am dear sir your most obedient and humble servant george etherington n b on the other side was wrote viz the soutons sauteurs probably or chippewas continue their mischief they have plundered all the canoes they have met with since i wrote you last and are now encamped on the great island near the fort to which place they all repaired on the appearance of a canoe lieutenant j gorrell royal americans g e we lodged on this island this evening during which canoes came from michimackinac with indians they had been plundering there as our indians apprehended upon their arrival one of our indian chiefs who had a relation killed last summer by the chippewas and thinking those indians or some of them were chippewas went with tomahawk and knife to their canoe to kill them but found no chippewas nor plunder as they had hid the latter on an island not far off june thirtieth i set out and arrived at the indian village where captain etherington was about thirty miles above michimackinac the ottawas received me with great joy by the firing of several guns three times each they also presented us with nine pipes of peace it was on our arrival here that we expected to have our allies sincerity tried as we heard it reported last night that on our arrival our arms would be taken from us and we would become prisoners like captain etherington and his party i told my indians of it at the same time letting them know that none of my party should give up their arms as this was their fixed resolution the indians all said they would stand by us however on our arrival no attempt of the kind was made nor did they ever look on me or my party as prisoners but to the contrary july first nothing of consequence but feasting dancing and smoking July 3rd.

I gave the Indians that came with me a belt of wampum, and they called a council of the Ottawa's, and gave them a large belt of wampum, and returned them thanks for taking care of Captain Etherington and the rest of the prisoners.

And the policy of exchanging lands west of the river for those held by tribes east of it, which was first authorized in 1804, though not vigorously commenced until 1830, will have been brought to a point of successful accomplishment that could not have been anticipated at its inception.

Frequent advices were received in the spring of hostile incursions of the Sioux and the Sacs and Foxes of the Mississippi upon the lands of each other.

The interposition of the executive was earnestly invoked.

There were two modes only in which it might be effectual, and to one of these alone did the circumstances of the country permit a resort.

Deputations from these tribes were invited to visit this city.

Deputations from the Winnebagos, who had been occasional partakers in the warlike phrase, from the Sioux and the Sac and Fox Indians of the Mississippi, and the Iowas, were called hither at the same time.

In the two principal objects, the conciliation of the hostile Sioux and Sacs and Foxes, and the adjustment of the conflicting titles to the land claimed by the latter and the Iowas, the efforts of the government were unsuccessful.

But the extinguishment of the title of the Sioux east of the Mississippi and that of the Sacs and Foxes to a large tract west of their session in 1832, and the removal of the Winnebagos to the neutral ground line between these two tribes, effected in the negotiations held with them while here, will contribute materially to prevent future collisions.

right.

Live from land stolen from the Anishinaabe, including the Potawatomi, Ottawa, and Ojibwe, and the Illinois Confederation consisting of the Peoria, Kaskaskia, and others, as well as the Myaamia, Wea, Sauk, Meskwaki, Ho-Chunk, Menominee, Kickapoo, Meskuten, and Sakon, Fox peoples, and likely many, many more, definitely many, many more who have been forgotten to history.

This is... is hell will please remind us what is this week's question from mel and share the rest of the answers that were offered by our listeners

this week's question from hell is what should president trump rename with america next and the remaining answers all come from our Very funny, very witty, very disturbing Discord community.

The question is this.

Who negotiated the 1804 treaty between the, um, Sauk and Meskwaki?

What year was that?

Uh, the 1804 treaty.

Why was not the world made big enough for homes for all kinds and colors of men and all characters of civilization? As the white man progressed towards the west and came in contact with the Indians, it became necessary to define the territories of the different tribes to avoid collision between them and the newcomers as much as possible.

To accomplish this end, Governor Clark of Missouri and Governor Cass of Michigan on the 19th day of August 1825 convened at Prairie du Chien a grand congress of Indians representing the Dakotas, Chippewas, then called Ojibwes, Sauks, Foxes, Menominees, Iowas, Winnebagos, Potawatomis, and Ottawas, and it was determined by treaties among them where the dividing lines between their countries should be.

This partition gave the Chippewas a large part of what is now Wisconsin and Minnesota and the Dakotas lands to the west of them.

But it soon became apparent that these boundary lines between the Dakotas and the Chippewas would not be adhered to, and Governor Cass and Mr. T.L. McKinney were appointed commissioners to again convene the Chippewas, but this time at Fond du Lac, and there, on the 5th day of August 1826, another treaty was entered into which, with the exception of the Fort Snelling Treaty, was the first one ever made on the soil of Minnesota.

In order to remind ourselves and our community, we begin with this statement.

We are currently on the lands of the Peoria, Kaskaskia, Piankashaw, Wea, Miami, Muscootin, Odawa, Sauk, Meskwaki, Kickapoo, Potawatomi, Ojibwe, and Chickasaw nations.

It is necessary for us to acknowledge these native nations and for us to work with them as we move forward as an institution.

Over the next 150 years, we will be a vibrant community, inclusive of all our differences, with Native peoples at the core of our efforts.

Among the number were Father Marquette, two men, and a young lad to await an opportunity of going to the Ottawa country.

The tribes included in the Ottawa mission were the Ojibwas at Sault de Sainte Marie, the Beavers, the Crees, the Ottawas, and refugee Hurons on Lake Superior, the Menominees, Potawatomis, Sauks, Foxes, Winnebagos, Miamis, Illinois, and those of the Sioux who lived on or near the banks of the Mississippi.

The Ottawas were the first Indians from the upper Great Lakes to trade with the French.

Hence the vast district west of Lake Huron became known early as the country of the Ottawas.

We do know that they probably came to Wisconsin sometime after Nicolette's visit in 1634.

The Muscootin, Potawatomi, Kickapoo, Sauk, and Fox were coming into Wisconsin before 1654. some huron and ottawa settled here temporarily at this time but by sixteen seventy eight were compelled by the sioux readers note spelling s i o u x to flee back to the sioux readers note spelling s a u the chippewa stayed around and west of the straits of mackinaw and actually did not settle in wisconsin until about sixteen seventy the winnebago at first defended themselves vigorously against the invading refugee tribes however this constant warfare greatly reduced their numerical strength further decimated by plagues probably small-pox introduced by the whites and by famine the winnebago were compelled to make peace with the invading algonkins who eventually settled in great numbers along the upper and lower fox rivers the lower reaches of the wolf river and in the vicinity of green bay fur trade with the western indians was successfully blocked by the rampaging iroquois for twenty odd years after nicollet's voyage of exploration into the middle west but with the establishment of a brief peace the ottawa who had assumed the position of middleman in the fur trade sent a large canoe fleet to the western indians and soon returned with large quantities of furs which had been accumulated by the indians during the iroquois war on the return journey two young frenchmen radisson and grossier went into wisconsin with the ottawa and became the first known white traders in the area other traders quickly followed their example and by sixteen seventy the fur trade in wisconsin was proceeding at a good pace the indians even before actually being visited by the whites had received european implements by trade with other indians and soon learned the superiority of iron knives and axes over those of stone the arrival of the white traders with their guns kettles cloth brandy and many other trade items was eagerly awaited by the indians of what is now wisconsin as early as sixteen sixty eight per and traders with him had brought furs to green bay labai great activity in the fur trade was quick to follow with the french traders using guns and brandy particularly as an inducement to increase the tempo of fur trapping by the indian the indian was as anxious to obtain the white man's goods as the trader was to obtain the indian's furs this formed the basis for an understanding mutually agreeable to indian and trader alike the fur trade during the french regime went through many changes due to changing circumstances and the issuing of different regulations from time to time the discovery of new western lands and tribes spurred literally hundreds of canadian youths to seek these virgin territories and the riches in furs to be had there at first traders persuaded the indians to make the long trip to montreal with their furs the presence of so many traders in the forests however soon made these long trips unnecessary by the time perot began trading in wisconsin the traders were carrying their goods to the indians in their own country regulations required that all traders must be licensed or by conge as they were called twenty-five of these were issued each year and permitted the trader to take a designated load of goods into the interior to be traded for the indian's furs the presence of great numbers of unlicensed traders in the woods was responsible for an edict from the king declaring such illegal traders to be outlaws the punishment for such activities was death These outlaw traders were known as coureurs de bois and were actually never hampered too much by the stringent laws passed against them.

During the latter part of the 17th century, outposts were built to help control the trade.

Nicholas Perrault built posts at Mount Trempealeau, at Lake Pepin, and at the mouth of the Wisconsin River.

Meanwhile, the stage had been set for what was to become the most famous, and also, perhaps, the most infamous Indian and white conflict in the Wisconsin area.

This was the so-called Black Hawk War, although it was more of a systematic extermination of Indians by whites, hardly deserving the term war.

Black Hawk was leader of the British Band of the Sauk with a large village, said to number about 500 families, situated near the mouth of the Rock River in Illinois.

His people were known as the British Band because of their known sympathies with the English, and also since Black Hawk and his warriors had fought with Tecumseh and the British against the Americans in the War of 1812.

We do know that they probably came to Wisconsin sometime after Nicolette's visit in 1634.

The Muscootin, Potawatomi, Kickapoo, Sauk, and Fox were coming into Wisconsin before 1654. some huron and ottawa settled here temporarily at this time but by sixteen seventy eight were compelled by the sioux readers note spelling s i o u x to flee back to the sioux readers note spelling s a u the chippewa stayed around and west of the straits of mackinaw and actually did not settle in wisconsin until about sixteen seventy the winnebago at first defended themselves vigorously against the invading refugee tribes however this constant warfare greatly reduced their numerical strength further decimated by plagues probably small-pox introduced by the whites and by famine the winnebago were compelled to make peace with the invading algonkins who eventually settled in great numbers along the upper and lower fox rivers the lower reaches of the wolf river and in the vicinity of green bay fur trade with the western indians was successfully blocked by the rampaging iroquois for twenty odd years after nicollet's voyage of exploration into the middle west but with the establishment of a brief peace the ottawa who had assumed the position of middleman in the fur trade sent a large canoe fleet to the western indians and soon returned with large quantities of furs which had been accumulated by the indians during the iroquois war

on the return

journey two young frenchmen radisson and grossier went into wisconsin with the ottawa and became the first known white traders in the area other traders quickly followed their example and by sixteen seventy the fur trade in wisconsin was proceeding at a good pace the indians even before actually being visited by the whites had received european implements by trade with other indians and soon learned the superiority of iron knives and axes over those of stone the arrival of the white traders with their guns kettles cloth brandy and many other trade items was eagerly awaited by the indians of what is now wisconsin