Rwandan Patriotic Front

We got this.

Fought between the Rwandan Armed Forces and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front.

In what year, within five, did the Rwandan Civil War begin?

Good Lord, the Rwandan Civil War.

In When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda, published in two thousand and one, Mamdani pursues a related provocation, insisting that the Rwandan genocide was more viscerally brutal than the Holocaust.

Mamdani quotes a minister in the Rwandan Patriotic Front, writing, "In Germany, if the population participated in the killing, it was not directly but indirectly.

If the neighbor's son is killed, it is because he joined the army." Apparently, this afforded Germans a sort of moral extenuation unavailable to Rwandan genocidaires.

The Holocaust was not wholly industrialized.

Mm-hmm.

But by and large, this is the official narrative and, and by the way, the Rwandan Patriotic Front that liberated the country is remarkable in that they didn't engage in retributory violence.

Hmm.

In fact, they did.

And that's when Rwanda started to develop these proxy groups that essentially did its bidding in the Eastern DRC.

At this point, it's also to a great extent about the narrative of Rwanda's own history, which has been greatly controlled and rewritten and manipulated by the RPF.

perpetuating the sense that there is an external threat to the Rwandan country.

It's a key element of the narrative that the RPF and that Kagame perpetuate.

And then there are also some concerns.

I mean, this is always put forth as the biggest concern around the Banyamulenge community with Congolese Tutsi, allegations that that community is being is being abused, is being mishandled, marginalized, et cetera, et cetera.