Potassium nitrate

Potassium and nitrate would be a positive one, negative one.

That would be written KNO3 potassium nitrate, no parentheses.

Only use parentheses if there's more than one polyatomic ion.

That's really important in chemistry.

That's weird.

Saltpeter is the traditional name for potassium nitrate, which is-

Is potassium nitrate in there?

I always wonder.

So it's bull- It doesn't-- The window hypothesis could be thrown out the window as long as you take transdermal, which is topical on the skin, and you use bioidentical, and you work with somebody who knows what they're doing so they can access, assess your cardiovascular system.

Because it, it's just ridiculous to deny women hormones, and we don't have time to go into those Salt Peter studies that were based on, uh, that created the timing hypothesis.

But once again, it's all crap because it was based on these synthetic hormones and the, and the delivery.

So if you take your hormones on the skin or on, in through the vagina, called first vaginal pass, and you take bioidentical hormones, there is not an increased risk.

We're having a good time over there.

I have got to start putting fucking Salt Peter in the water over there because we got some thirsty fans, man.

Just saying.

Man, that whole Femlink thing they were posting, I was like, calm down, y'all.

It was simply part of a much longer process, one that might not be completed within a single lifetime, but could be passed down to students, refined across generations, built upon like layers of sediment forming a mountain.

Among the substances these alchemists prized most highly were minerals like cinnabar, a red mineral that contains mercury along with sulfur, various forms of arsenic, and saltpeter, also known as potassium nitrate.

Saltpeter, in particular, held a special fascination.

It appeared naturally as a white, crystalline substance, sometimes found on the surface of soil in certain regions, or scraped from the walls of caves and old buildings.

Alchemists noticed something curious about Saltpeter.

Unlike most minerals, it seemed to interact vividly with fire, sometimes making flames burn brighter, sometimes causing sudden flares of color and light.

To alchemists searching for signs of hidden power within ordinary materials, this was exactly the kind of clue that suggested something important was happening on a level too subtle for the eye alone to understand.

and they worked extensively with charcoal, the blackened remains of burned wood, valued for its ability to hold and release heat.

A.

A. Hayes, Professor Silliman, and Dr. Hare's views were, as to the explosions in the New York fire of 1845, that in a closed building having niter in one part and shellac or other resinous material in another, the gaseous oxygen generated from the niter and carbureted hydrogen from the resins mingling by degrees would at length constitute an explosive mixture.

A brief consideration of specific explosives uniting may serve to illustrate this phase of the subject.

though the explosion of gunpowder is the result of a chemical change whereby carbonic acid gas at high tension is evolved due to the saltpetre and the charcoal the effect and rapidity of action are greatly promoted by the addition of sulphur on the contrary dynamite now so important and various similar explosives are but mixtures of nitro-glycerine with earthy substances in order to diminish and make more manageable the development of the rending force of the base the explosive power of any substance is the pressure it exerts on all parts of the space containing it at the instant of explosion and is measured by comparing the heat disengaged with the volume of gas emitted and with the rapidity of chemical action in the case of gunpowder the proper manipulation and division of the grains is important because favouring rapid deflagration but in a purely chemical explosion each separate molecule is an explosive and the reaction passes from the interior of one to the interior of another suddenly driving the atoms much further apart than their naturally infinitesimal vibrations Purely chemical explosives like nitroglycerin, gun cotton, the picrites, and the fulminates present a terrible danger from the unknown mode of the new union of atoms, and reaction of the particles within themselves in spontaneous explosions happening in irregular manner.

Indeed, some explosions in powder works before the mixture of the materials, or just at its commencement, seem to point to the contrary.

It is also certain that in the manufacture of gunpowder, the usual nitrate of potassium, saltpeter, can be replaced by the nitrates of soda, barta, and ammonia.

also by the chloride of potassium charcoal by sawdust tan resin and starch and though a substitute for sulphur is not easily found the latter or a similar substance is not an absolute necessity in the composition of gunpowder The generally received theory of the chemical action which makes gunpowder explosive is that it is due to the superior affinity of the oxygen of the niter, KNO3, for the carbon of the charcoal, and the production of carbonic acid gas, CO2, and carbonic oxide, CO, suddenly and in great volume.

the latter extinguishes the flame as well as the former unless its own flammability is supported by the oxygen of the atmosphere until the degree of the oxygenation co is reached considering that water h two o is composed of two volumes of hydrogen and one of oxygen and that under an enormously high temperature and the excessive affinity of oxygen gas for potassium or sodium freed from nitrate union dissociation of the water may be possible aided by its being in the form of spray and steam we would hesitate to deny that an explosive union of suitable crude salts could occur during the burning of a building containing them, when water for extinguishment was put on.

Gases explosive in association may be set free by the temperature of a burning building and get-together.

in respect to the old conundrum will saltpetre explode mr a a hayes professor silliman and dr hare's views were as to the explosions in the new york fire of eighteen forty five that in a closed building having nitre in one part and shellac or other resinous material in another The gaseous oxygen generated from the niter and carbureted hydrogen from the resins mingling by degrees would at length constitute an explosive mixture.

A brief consideration of specific explosives uniting may serve to illustrate this phase of the subject.

Though the explosion of gunpowder is the result of a chemical change whereby carbonic acid gas at high tension is evolved, due to the saltpetre and the charcoal the effect and rapidity of action are greatly promoted by the addition of sulphur on the contrary dynamite now so important and various similar explosives are but mixtures of nitro-glycerine with earthy substances in order to diminish and make more manageable the development of the rending force of the base the explosive power of any substance is the pressure it exerts on all parts of the space containing it at the instant of explosion and is measured by comparing the heat disengaged with the volume of gas emitted and with the rapidity of chemical action In the case of gunpowder, the proper manipulation and division of the grains is important, because favoring rapid deflagration, but in a purely chemical explosion, each separate molecule is an explosive, and the reaction passes from the interior of one to the interior of another, suddenly driving the atoms much further apart than their naturally infinitesimal vibrations.

Although much manipulation is deemed necessary to form the close mechanical mixture of the materials of gunpowder, it has never been proved that such intimate previous union is necessary to precede the chemical reaction causing explosion.

Indeed, some explosions in powder works before the mixture of the materials or just at its commencement seem to point to the contrary.

It is also certain that in the manufacture of gunpowder, the usual nitrate of potassium, saltpeter, can be replaced by the nitrates of soda, barda, ammonia also by the chloride of potassium charcoal by sawdust tan resin and starch and though a substitute for sulphur is not easily found the latter or a similar substance is not an absolute necessity in the composition of gunpowder The generally received theory of the chemical action which makes gunpowder explosive is that it is due to the superior affinity of the oxygen of the niter, KNO3, for the carbon of the charcoal, and the production of carbonic acid gas, CO2, and carbonic oxide, CO, suddenly and in great volume.

the latter extinguishes the flame as well as the former unless its own flammability is supported by the oxygen of the atmosphere until the degree of the oxygenation co is reached Considering that water, H2O, is composed of two volumes of hydrogen and one of oxygen, and that under an enormously high temperature and the excessive affinity of oxygen gas for potassium or sodium freed from nitrate union, dissociation of the water may be possible, aided by its being in the form of spray and steam, we would hesitate to deny that an explosive union of suitable crude salts could occur during the burning of a building containing them, when water for extinguishment was put on.

Salt springs.

Saltpeter.

Stones.

Volcanoes.

There is also faience clay and every species of clay, which in the opinion of intelligent persons is the real kaolin to which the porcelain of China owes the whole of its reputation.

There are found on the borders of the Missouri many springs of salt water of every kind, which will be more than sufficient for the consumption of the country when it shall become inhabited.

Saltpeter is found here in great abundance in numberless caves, which are met with along the banks of the river.

The stones are generally calcareous and gates.

The nitrogenous era in warfare began when Friar Roger Bacon or Friar Schwartz, whichever it was, ground together in his mortar saltpeter, charcoal, and sulfur.

The Chinese, to be sure, had invented gunpowder long before, but they, poor innocents, did not know of anything worse to do with it than to make it into firecrackers.

With the introduction of villainous Saltpeter, war ceased to be the vocation of the nobleman, and since the nobleman had no other vocation, he began to become extinct.

A bullet fired from a mile away is no respecter of persons.

It is just as likely to kill a knight as a peasant, and a brave man as a coward.